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68 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Puritans
A religious group that came to North America to purify the church of England
General Court
An assembly where male church members were elected as representatives
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
A plan of government that settlers wrote in 1639. This plan gave the right to vote to all men who were property owners. This also limited the governments power
Religious Tolerance
The willingness to let others practice their own beliefs
Sabbath
A holy day of rest where they sat at church services
Town Meeting
Where settlers discussed and voted on issues
Charles I
Became king of England in 1625 and disapproved of the Puritans and their ideas
Massachusetts Bay Colony
A colony where settlers came to have economic rather than religious freedom
John Winthrop
Was chosen as the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Winthrop set an example for others by working hard to build a home, clear land, and plant crops
Great Migration
Was when over 15,000 men, women, and children journeyed from England to Massachusetts between 1629 and 1640
Boston
Massachusetts Bay Colonies largest town where people from the great migration came to
Thomas Hooker
A Puritan minister that lead about 100 settlers out of Massachusetts Bay Colony then settled in Connecticut
Hartford
Where Thomas Hooker and 100 settlers built a town
Roger Williams
A Puritan minister that went against Massachusetts Bay because he believed they had too much power
Anne Hutchinson
A devout Puritan that regularly attended church services, but once she made a mistake by saying that God spoke to her, she was ordered out of the colony because it was against Puritan ways. She became an important symbol for the struggle of religious freedom
Metacom
Another name for King Phillip
Patroon
Owners of huge estates
Proprietary Colony
Where the King gave land to one or more people in return for a yearly payment
Royal Colony
A colony under the direct control of the English Crown
Quakers
One of the most despised religious groups in England
Pennsylvania Dutch
The large amount of German-speaking Protestants that came to Pennsylvania. They called them Pennsylvania Dutch because the people could not pronounce their original name
Cash Crop
Crops that are sold for money at a market (wheat, barley, rye)
William Penn
Was a Quaker that founded Pennsylvania in 1681
Peter Stuyvesant
The governor of New Netherlands that swore to defend New York
The Duke of York
Was given New York by his brother, King Charles II of England
The "holy experiment"
What Penn thought his colony was because he wanted his colony to be a model of religious freedom, peace, and Christian living
Philadelphia
Capital of Pennsylvania along the Delaware River. It became a marvelous and well built city
The Great Wagon Road
A trail on the old Iroquois trail that settlers traveled on to get to the backcountry
Mason-Dixon Line
The boundary line between Pennsylvania and Maryland. It also divided the Middle Colonies from the Southern Colonies.
Act of Toleration
A law that provided religious freedom for all Christians. For many colonies this freedom didn't extend to Jews.
Bacon's Rebellion
When Nathaniel Bacon raided the Native American villages whether they were friendly with them or not. After he led his followers to Jamestown and burned the capital. When Bacon died the revolt fell apart.
Indigo
A plant used to make valuable blue dye
Debtor
People that owed money that they could not pay back
Slave Code
Laws that colonists passed that set out rules for slaves' behavior and denied slaves their basic rights.
Racism
The belief that one race is superior to another
Sir George Calvert
Persuaded King Charles I to grant him land for a colony in the Americas (Maryland). He planned to build a colony were Catholics could practice religion freely.
Lord Baltimore
Was proprietor of Maryland. He appointed a governor and a council of advisors. He also created an elected assembly.
Chesapeake Bay
A bay in Virginia that provided fish, oysters, and crabs
St. Mary's
A dry colony in Maryland because they remembered the problems of Jamestown.
Margaret and Mary Brent
Arrived in Maryland in 1638 with 9 male servants and in time they set up plantations.
Nathaniel Bacon
An ambitious young planter that organized angry men and women on the frontier and started Bacon's Rebellion
Charles Town
South Carolina
James Oglethorpe
Set up a colony for debtors called Savannah in Georgia
Savannah
A settlement along the Savannah River that Oglethrope set up
The Tidewater
A region that the lands were washed by the ocean and had gentle slopes and the river offered rich farmland for plantations.
The Backcountry
A settlement west of the tidewater that was more democratic and equal than the other colonies. The families also were very close together
The Middle Passage
A passage that English sailors began referring to the passage of slave ships west across the Atlantic Ocean.
Mercantilism
The economic theory that said a nation became strong by keeping control over its trade
Export
Goods sent to markets outside a country
Import
Goods brought into a country
Navigation Acts
Laws that regulated trade between English and its colonies. The purpose of theses laws was to ensure that only England benefited from colonial trade
Yankees
Merchants from New England that dominated colonial trade. The nickname that implied they were clever and hardworking
Triangular Trade
A route with three legs that formed a triangle. The first leg went from New England to the West Indies. The Second Leg went from New England to West Africa and back to the West Indies. On the third leg they went from the West Indies to New England.
Legislature
A group of people that have the power to make laws
Glorious Revolution
Where colonists won more rights
Bill of Rights
A written list of freedoms the government promises to protect
English Bill of Rights
Protected the rights of individuals and gave anyone accused of a crime the right to a trial by a jury
Gentry
At the top of the society. It included wealthy planters,merchants, ministers, successful lawyers, and royal officials. They could afford to to dress in the latest fashions from London.
Middle Class
People below the gentry's. The middle class included farmers who worked their own land, skilled craftworkers, and some tradespeople. ¾ of all white colonists were in this class.
Indentured Servant
Lowest social class. They signed contracts to work without wages for a period of four to seven years for anyone who would pay their ocean passage to the Americas.
Gullah
African language
Great Awakening
A religious movement in the 1730's and 1740's that swept through the colonies
Public School
Schools supported by taxes
Tutor
Private teachers
Apprentice
Boys whose parents wished them to learn a trade or craft served as apprentices. They worked for a master to learn the rules of trade or crafts
Dame School
Private schools run by women in their homes
Enlightenment
A movement caused because thinkers believed in the light of human reason
Libel
The act of publishing a statement that may unjustly damage a persons reputation