Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Puritans
|
A religious group that came to North America to purify the church of England
|
|
General Court
|
An assembly where male church members were elected as representatives
|
|
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
|
A plan of government that settlers wrote in 1639. This plan gave the right to vote to all men who were property owners. This also limited the governments power
|
|
Religious Tolerance
|
The willingness to let others practice their own beliefs
|
|
Sabbath
|
A holy day of rest where they sat at church services
|
|
Town Meeting
|
Where settlers discussed and voted on issues
|
|
Charles I
|
Became king of England in 1625 and disapproved of the Puritans and their ideas
|
|
Massachusetts Bay Colony
|
A colony where settlers came to have economic rather than religious freedom
|
|
John Winthrop
|
Was chosen as the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Winthrop set an example for others by working hard to build a home, clear land, and plant crops
|
|
Great Migration
|
Was when over 15,000 men, women, and children journeyed from England to Massachusetts between 1629 and 1640
|
|
Boston
|
Massachusetts Bay Colonies largest town where people from the great migration came to
|
|
Thomas Hooker
|
A Puritan minister that lead about 100 settlers out of Massachusetts Bay Colony then settled in Connecticut
|
|
Hartford
|
Where Thomas Hooker and 100 settlers built a town
|
|
Roger Williams
|
A Puritan minister that went against Massachusetts Bay because he believed they had too much power
|
|
Anne Hutchinson
|
A devout Puritan that regularly attended church services, but once she made a mistake by saying that God spoke to her, she was ordered out of the colony because it was against Puritan ways. She became an important symbol for the struggle of religious freedom
|
|
Metacom
|
Another name for King Phillip
|
|
Patroon
|
Owners of huge estates
|
|
Proprietary Colony
|
Where the King gave land to one or more people in return for a yearly payment
|
|
Royal Colony
|
A colony under the direct control of the English Crown
|
|
Quakers
|
One of the most despised religious groups in England
|
|
Pennsylvania Dutch
|
The large amount of German-speaking Protestants that came to Pennsylvania. They called them Pennsylvania Dutch because the people could not pronounce their original name
|
|
Cash Crop
|
Crops that are sold for money at a market (wheat, barley, rye)
|
|
William Penn
|
Was a Quaker that founded Pennsylvania in 1681
|
|
Peter Stuyvesant
|
The governor of New Netherlands that swore to defend New York
|
|
The Duke of York
|
Was given New York by his brother, King Charles II of England
|
|
The "holy experiment"
|
What Penn thought his colony was because he wanted his colony to be a model of religious freedom, peace, and Christian living
|
|
Philadelphia
|
Capital of Pennsylvania along the Delaware River. It became a marvelous and well built city
|
|
The Great Wagon Road
|
A trail on the old Iroquois trail that settlers traveled on to get to the backcountry
|
|
Mason-Dixon Line
|
The boundary line between Pennsylvania and Maryland. It also divided the Middle Colonies from the Southern Colonies.
|
|
Act of Toleration
|
A law that provided religious freedom for all Christians. For many colonies this freedom didn't extend to Jews.
|
|
Bacon's Rebellion
|
When Nathaniel Bacon raided the Native American villages whether they were friendly with them or not. After he led his followers to Jamestown and burned the capital. When Bacon died the revolt fell apart.
|
|
Indigo
|
A plant used to make valuable blue dye
|
|
Debtor
|
People that owed money that they could not pay back
|
|
Slave Code
|
Laws that colonists passed that set out rules for slaves' behavior and denied slaves their basic rights.
|
|
Racism
|
The belief that one race is superior to another
|
|
Sir George Calvert
|
Persuaded King Charles I to grant him land for a colony in the Americas (Maryland). He planned to build a colony were Catholics could practice religion freely.
|
|
Lord Baltimore
|
Was proprietor of Maryland. He appointed a governor and a council of advisors. He also created an elected assembly.
|
|
Chesapeake Bay
|
A bay in Virginia that provided fish, oysters, and crabs
|
|
St. Mary's
|
A dry colony in Maryland because they remembered the problems of Jamestown.
|
|
Margaret and Mary Brent
|
Arrived in Maryland in 1638 with 9 male servants and in time they set up plantations.
|
|
Nathaniel Bacon
|
An ambitious young planter that organized angry men and women on the frontier and started Bacon's Rebellion
|
|
Charles Town
|
South Carolina
|
|
James Oglethorpe
|
Set up a colony for debtors called Savannah in Georgia
|
|
Savannah
|
A settlement along the Savannah River that Oglethrope set up
|
|
The Tidewater
|
A region that the lands were washed by the ocean and had gentle slopes and the river offered rich farmland for plantations.
|
|
The Backcountry
|
A settlement west of the tidewater that was more democratic and equal than the other colonies. The families also were very close together
|
|
The Middle Passage
|
A passage that English sailors began referring to the passage of slave ships west across the Atlantic Ocean.
|
|
Mercantilism
|
The economic theory that said a nation became strong by keeping control over its trade
|
|
Export
|
Goods sent to markets outside a country
|
|
Import
|
Goods brought into a country
|
|
Navigation Acts
|
Laws that regulated trade between English and its colonies. The purpose of theses laws was to ensure that only England benefited from colonial trade
|
|
Yankees
|
Merchants from New England that dominated colonial trade. The nickname that implied they were clever and hardworking
|
|
Triangular Trade
|
A route with three legs that formed a triangle. The first leg went from New England to the West Indies. The Second Leg went from New England to West Africa and back to the West Indies. On the third leg they went from the West Indies to New England.
|
|
Legislature
|
A group of people that have the power to make laws
|
|
Glorious Revolution
|
Where colonists won more rights
|
|
Bill of Rights
|
A written list of freedoms the government promises to protect
|
|
English Bill of Rights
|
Protected the rights of individuals and gave anyone accused of a crime the right to a trial by a jury
|
|
Gentry
|
At the top of the society. It included wealthy planters,merchants, ministers, successful lawyers, and royal officials. They could afford to to dress in the latest fashions from London.
|
|
Middle Class
|
People below the gentry's. The middle class included farmers who worked their own land, skilled craftworkers, and some tradespeople. ¾ of all white colonists were in this class.
|
|
Indentured Servant
|
Lowest social class. They signed contracts to work without wages for a period of four to seven years for anyone who would pay their ocean passage to the Americas.
|
|
Gullah
|
African language
|
|
Great Awakening
|
A religious movement in the 1730's and 1740's that swept through the colonies
|
|
Public School
|
Schools supported by taxes
|
|
Tutor
|
Private teachers
|
|
Apprentice
|
Boys whose parents wished them to learn a trade or craft served as apprentices. They worked for a master to learn the rules of trade or crafts
|
|
Dame School
|
Private schools run by women in their homes
|
|
Enlightenment
|
A movement caused because thinkers believed in the light of human reason
|
|
Libel
|
The act of publishing a statement that may unjustly damage a persons reputation
|