Chapter 4 Flashcards

Front 1

the case that contains electronic components is part of the system unit.

Back 1

System use

Front 2

main circuit board of the system unit.

Back 2

Motherboard-

Front 3

a small piece of semiconducting material, usually silicon, which intergraded circuits are etched.

Back 3

Chip-

Front 4

central processing unit interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate on a computer.

Back 4

Cpu

Front 5

a chip with two or more separate processor cores.

Back 5

Multi-core processor

Front 6

the component of the processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer

Back 6

Control unit

Front 7

arrhythmic logic unit, another component of the processor, performs arithmetic, comparison, and other operations.

Back 7

Alu

Front 8

a small quartz crystal circuit that controls the timing of all computer operations.

Back 8

System clock

Front 9

is measured by the number of ticks per second

Back 9

Clock speed

Front 10

a number system that has just two unique digits 0 and 1 called bits.

Back 10

Binary system

Front 11

is the smallest unit of data the data can process.

Back 11

Bit

Front 12

8 bits gathered together as a unit which represent 256 different characters.

Back 12

Byte

Front 13

consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor data needed by those instructions and the results of processing the data.

Back 13

Memory

Front 14

loses its contents when a computer is turned off

Back 14

Volatile memory

Front 15

does not lose its contents when a computer is turned off.

Back 15

Nonvolatile memory

Front 16

random access memory. A chip of memory that could be read for the processor and other devices.

Back 16

Ram memory

Front 17

read only memory. Memory chips storing permeate data.

Back 17

Rom memory

Front 18

a small circuit board.

Back 18

Memory module-

Front 19

- helps speed the process of the computer because it stores frequently used instructions.

Back 19

Cache

Front 20

built directly in the process or chip.

Back 20

L1 cache

Front 21

slower than l1 but has a much larger capacity.

Back 21

L2 cache-

Front 22

a type of nonvolatile memory that can be erased electronically and rewritten

Back 22

Flash memory

Front 23

complementary metal-oxide semiconductor- some ram chips use this technology.

Back 23

Cmos

Front 24

the amount of time it takes the processor to read the data, instructions, and information from memory.

Back 24

Access time-

Front 25

one billionth of a second.

Back 25

Nanosecond

Front 26

a socket on a motherboard that can hold an adapter card

Back 26

Expansion slot

Front 27

sometimes called a expansion card, is a circuit board that enhances the functions of a component of the system unit and provides connections to peripherals

Back 27

Adapter card-

Front 28

a type of nonvolatile memory that can be erased electronically and rewritten

Back 28

Flash memory-

Front 29

- a device that connects to the system unit and is controlled by the processor in the computer

Back 29

Peripheral

Front 30

- also called a graphics card, converts computer output into a video signal

Back 30

Video card

Front 31

enhances the sound generation capabilities of a personal computer.

Back 31

Sound card

Front 32

input and output plug-in

Back 32

Hub

Front 33

a video card

Back 33

Graphics card-

Front 34

a removable flash memory device that you can have in a computer, game console, or mobile device

Back 34

Memory card

Front 35

the point at which a peripheral attaches to or communicates with a system unit so that the peripheral can send data to or receive information from the computer.

Back 35

Port

Front 36

universal serial bus- can connect to 127 different peripherals together in a single connecter.

Back 36

Usb port-

Front 37

a port that can connect to multiple types of devices that require faster data transition speeds, such as digital cameras.

Back 37

Fire wire port

Front 38

a special high-speed parallel port where you can attach things like disk drives and printers.

Back 38

SCSI port-

Front 39

an external device that provides connections to peripherals through ports built into the device.

Back 39

Port replicator-

Front 40

an external device that attaches to a mobile computer or device contains a power connections and provides connections to peripherals.

Back 40

Docking station

Front 41

channels, which allow the various devices both inside and attached to the system unit to communicate with each other.

Back 41

Bus

Front 42

also called a front side bus- the part of the mother board and connects to the processor to main memory.

Back 42

System bus-

Front 43

also called system bus look above

Back 43

Front side bus-

Front 44

- connects the processor to a cache

Back 44

Backside bus

Front 45

allows the processor to communicate with peripherals.

Back 45

Expansion bus-

Front 46

an opening inside the system unit in which you can install additional equipment.

Back 46

Bay

Front 47

a rectangular opening that typically holds disk drives.

Back 47

Drive bay

Front 48

is the component of the system unit that converts the wall outlet AC power in to DC.

Back 48

Power supply