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38 Cards in this Set

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General Braddock
a British soldier and commander-in-chief for North America during the actions at the start of the French and Indian War
entrepots
trading post where merchandise can be imported and exported without paying import duties
seven years war
The final war between France and Great Britain, which ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1763 – giving all of North America to Great Britain, except New Orleans and the small islands of St. Pierre and Miquelon.
John Trenchard and Thomas Gordon
Trenchard-was an English politician belonging to an old Dorset family Gordon-American lawyer and politician of the colonial period
Old Lights
suspicious of the revivals and their seeming threat to authority, wanted to suppress the new lights
New Lights
embraced the revivals that spread through the colonies
evangelicals
refers to the practice of relaying information about a particular set of beliefs to others who do not hold those beliefs
Henry Muehlenberg
a German Lutheran pastor sent to North America as a missionary, requested by Pennsylvania colonists
Cotton Mather
the minister of Boston's Old North church, was a true believer in witchcraft
mestizo
a person of racially mixed ancestry, esp., in Latin America, of mixed American Indian and European, usually spanish or Portuguese, ancestry, or, in the Philippines, of mixed native and foreign ancestry
mulatto
a person whose ancestry is a mixture of Negro and Caucasian
transportation act
allowed judges from England, Scotland, and Ireland to send convicted felons to the American Colonies
backcountry
A term used in the early days of the republic to refer to the wilderness and the supposed misfits who lived in the western settlements.
Great Awakening
a religious revival in American religious history. There were three--some say four--such periods of fervor, each characterized by widespread revivals led by evangelical Protestant ministers, a sharp increase of interest in religion, a profound sense of conviction and redemption on the part of those affected, a jump in evangelical church membership, and the formation of new religious movements and denominations
Fort Duquesne
a fort established by the French in 1754, at the junction of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers in what is now downtown Pittsburgh in the state of Pennsylvania
King Georges War
Americans were the primary fighters in this conflict. Colonials captured a major Canadian fort, that was actually returned in the peace treat. French established a fort at the head of the Ohio R. (Ft. Duquesne) Va militia led by officer George Washington were defeated


King William and Queen Anne’s Wars – fights for colonial and European supremacy that settled very little, in fact the groundwork for more war was laid down when the French extended its empire from Canada into Louisiana

The final war between France and Great Britain, which ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1763 – giving all of North America to Great Britain, except New Orleans and the small islands of St. Pierre and Miquelon
Albany Plan
was proposed by Benjamin Franklin at the Albany Congress in 1754 in Albany, New York. It was an early attempt at forming a union of the colonies "under one government as far as might be necessary for defense and other general important purposes" during the French and Indian War.
Albany Congress
meeting of representatives of seven of the British North American colonies in 1754 (specifically, Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, and Rhode Island).
Seven Years War
The final war between France and Great Britain, which ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1763 – giving all of North America to Great Britain, except New Orleans and the small islands of St. Pierre and Miquelon.
Peace of Paris
the set of treaties which ended the American Revolutionary War. On 3 September 1783, representatives of King George III of Great Britain signed a treaty in Paris with representatives of the United States of America—commonly known as the Treaty of Paris (1783)—and two treaties at Versailles with representatives of King Louis XVI of France and King Charles III of Spain—commonly known as the Treaties of Versailles (1783).
George Whitefield
an Anglican itinerant minister who helped spread the Great Awakening in Great Britain and, especially, in the British North American colonies
Jonathan Edwards
American theologian whose sermons and writings stimulated a period of renewed interest in religion in America
Parliament
legislature, especially in those countries whose system of government is based on the Westminster system modeled after that of the United Kingdom
William Pitt
was the most powerful minister in George's Cabinet. He believed he was the only one that could save the Birtish Empire and took control of the British army and navy
John Locke
Widely known as the Father of Liberalism, was an English philosopher and physician regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers
Pennsylvania Dutch
the descendants of Germanic peoples who emigrated to the U.S. (primarily to Pennsylvania), from Germany, Switzerland and The Low Countries prior to 1800
Middle Ground
the geographic area from the Great Lakes to the upper Mississippi basin and the social terrain, "in between cultures, peoples, and in between empires and the nonstate world of the villages" of the Algonquin-European accommodation
Gilber Tennant
American Presbyterian clergyman, leading preacher of the Great Awakening
Molasses Act
a British law of 1733 that imposed taxes on molasses, rum, and sugar imported into the American colonies, which would effectively close trade with the West Indies and destroy New England's rum industry. The colonists rarely paid the tax, choosing rather to avoid it through smuggling
Charles Chauncy
Was an American Congregational clergyman in Boston. He was ordained as a minister of the First Church, Boston, in 1727 and remained in that pulpit for 60 years
Cato's Letters
Cato's Letters were essays by British writers John Trenchard and Thomas Gordon, first published from 1720 to 1723 under the pseudonym of Cato, the implacable foe of Julius Caesar and a famously stubborn champion of republican principles
James Davenport
Was an American clergyman and itinerant preacher noted for his often controversial actions during the First Great Awakening
King William's War
ights for colonial and European supremacy that settled very little, in fact the groundwork for more war was laid down when the French extended its empire from Canada into Louisiana
Queen Anne's War
ights for colonial and European supremacy that settled very little, in fact the groundwork for more war was laid down when the French extended its empire from Canada into Louisiana
Navigation Acts
any of several acts of Parliament between 1651 and 1847 designed primarily to expand British trade and limit trade by British colonies with countries that were rivals of Great Britain
Benjamin Franklin
American statesman, diplomat, author, scientist, and inventor
Constitution
the fundamental or organic law of the U.S., framed in 1787 by the Constitutional Convention. It went into effect March 4, 1789.
What powers did Royal Governors have and not have?
They had the power to overthrow the colonists, but not the King or Parliament.