Chapter 4 Chemistry Vocabulary

Front 1

Electromagnetic Radiation

Back 1

A form of energy that exhibits wavelike behavior as it travels through space

Front 2

Wavelength

Back 2

The distance between corresponding points on adjacent waves

Front 3

Ground State

Back 3

The lowest energy state of an atom

Front 4

Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

Back 4

States that it is impossible to determine simultaneously both the position and velocity of an electron

Front 5

Electronic Configuration

Back 5

The arrangement of electrons in an atom

Front 6

Pauli Exclusion Priciple

Back 6

States that no two electrons in the same atom can have the same set of quantum numbers

Front 7

Noble Gas

Back 7

Group 18 elements

Front 8

Quantum Number

Back 8

These specify the properties of atomic orbitals and the properties of electrons in orbitals

Front 9

Angular Momentum Quantum Number

Back 9

Symbolized by I, indicates the shape of the orbital

Front 10

Spin Quantum Number

Back 10

Has only two possible values, which indicate the two fundamental spin states of an electron in an orbital

Front 11

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Back 11

Together, all of the forms of electromagnetic radiation

Front 12

Excited State

Back 12

A state in which the atom has a higher potential energy than in its ground state

Front 13

Aufbau Principle

Back 13

States that an electron occupies the lowest-energy orbital that can receive it

Front 14

Noble Gas Configuration

Back 14

Refers to the outer main energy level being occupied by eight electrons

Front 15

Magnetic Quantum Number

Back 15

Symbolized by m, indicates the orientation of an orbital around the nucleus

Front 16

Frequency

Back 16

The number of waves that pass a given point in a specific time, usually 1 second

Front 17

Hund's Rule

Back 17

States that orbitals of equal energy are each occupied by one electron before any orbital is occupied by a second electron, and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals must have the same spin state

Front 18

Line Emission Spectrum

Back 18

A diagram or graph that indicates the degree to which a substance emits radiant energy with respect to wavelength

Front 19

Orbital

Back 19

A three-dimensional region around the nucleus that indicates the probable location of an electron

Front 20

Principle Quantum Number

Back 20

Symbolized by n, indicates the main energy level occupied by the electron