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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gate
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A device that performs a basic operation on electrical signals. It accepts one or more input signals and produces a single output signal. Each gate performs a particular logical function.
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Circuits
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A combination of interacting gates designed to accomplished a specific logical function.
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Boolean Algebra
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A mathematical notation for expressing two-valued logical functions. Takes only one of two possible values 0 and 1.
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Logic Diagram
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A graphical representation of a circuit; each type of gate has its own symbol.
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Truth Table
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A table showing all possible input values and the associated output values.
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NOT Gate
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Accepts one input value and produces one output value. If the input is 0, the output is 1; if the input is 1, the outu is 0.
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AND Gate
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Accepts two input signals that determine what the output signal will be. If both inputs are 1, the output is 1, otherwise the output is 0.
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OR Gate
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Accepts tow input values, if bother values are 0, the output value is 0; otehrwise the output is 1.
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XOR Gate
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Exclusive OR, accepts two inputs that produce a 0 if they are the same, otherwise they produce a 1. "When I say or, I mean one or the other, not both."
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NAND Gate
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Accepts 2 input values, get the opposite of the AND gate output values.
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NOR Gate
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Accepts 2 input values, get the opposite opposite output values as the OR gate.
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Review of Gates
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NOT - inversts a single input
AND - produces a 1 if both inputs are 1 OR - produces a 1 if one, the other, or both is 1. XOR - produces a 1 if one or the other is 1 but not both. NAND & NOR opposite of AND and OR |
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Transistor
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A device that acts either as a wire or a resistor, depending on the voltage level of an input signal. Made of semiconductor material.
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Semiconductor
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Material such as silicon that is neither a good conductor nor a good insultator. Usually silicon is used to creaate transistors.
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Combinational Circuit
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A circuit whose output is solely determined by its input values.
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Sequential Circuit
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A circuit whose output is a function of its input values and the current state of the circuit. Usually involve the storage of information.
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How are gates combined into circuits?
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By using the output of one gate as the input for another gate.
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Circuit Equivalence
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The same output for each corresponding input-value combination for two circuits.
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Adders
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An electronic circuit that performs an addition operation on binary values.
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Half Adder
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A circuit that computes the sum of two bits and produces the appropriate carry bit.
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Full Adder
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A circuit that computes the sum of tow bits, taking an input carry bit into account.
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Multiplexer
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A circuit that uses a few input control signals to determine which of several input data lines is routed to its output.
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Integrated Circuit (Chip)
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A piece of silicon on which multiple gates have been embedded.
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Pins
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Connect to the input or output of a gate, or to power or ground.
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CPU Chip
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The most important integrated circuit in any computer is the Central Processing Unit. Essentially all communication in the computer system occurs here. Connects the CPU to memory and I/O devices.
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