Chapter 4 Apes

Front 1

Cellular Respiration

Back 1

The process where chemical energy captured in photosynthesis is released within cells of plants and animals; this energy is then used for biological work

Front 2

Succession

Back 2

The process where a community develops slowly through a series of species; earlier species alter the environment in some way to make it more habitable by other species; as more species arrive, the earlier species are outcompeted and replaced

Front 3

Energy Flow

Back 3

Producers, Primary Consumers, Secondary Consumers, Decomposers

Front 4

Ecological Pyramids

Back 4

Numbers, biomass, energy

Front 5

Evolution

Back 5

Based on four observations about the natural world
1) High reproductive capacity
2) Heritable variation
3) Limits on population growth
4) Different reproductive success

Front 6

Mutualism

Back 6

Relationship in which both members benefit
- Fungus provides roots with unavailable nitrogen from soil
- Roots provide fungi with energy produced by photosynthesis in the plant

Front 7

Commensalism

Back 7

Symbiotic relationship where one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped
- Epiphytes and tropical trees
- Epiphytes uses tree as anchor
- Epiphyte benefits from getting closer to sunlight, tropical tree is not affected

Front 8

Parasitism

Back 8

Symbiotic relationship in which one species is benefitted and the other is harmed
- Ticks
- Parasites rarely kill their hosts

Front 9

Ecotone

Back 9

Transitional zone between ecosystems

Front 10

General succession pattern

Back 10

Lichen secrete acids that crumble the rock (soil begins to form)
Lichen--> mosses --> grasses --> shrubs --> forests