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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the functions of Antibody?
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Neutralization, Opsonization, complement activation, ADCC
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The antigen binding sites is are made up of what?
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Both light and heavy chains.
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What type of bonds are found in the hinge region?
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Disulfide bonds
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Where does papain cleave Ab?
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Above the hinge region. Results in three fragments of about equal size.
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Where does pepsin cleave Ab?
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Below the hinge regions.
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Cleavage by which of the two (papain or pepsin) still allows the Ab to bind Ag?
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Pepsin
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Which two Abs are found only in monomers?
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IgG and IgE
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Which Ab can be found in a dimer?
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IgA
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Which Ab can be found in a pentamer?
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IgM (M for Massive)
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What are the transmembrane anchors in Ab that transmit the signal?
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Igbeta and Igalpha
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What links the monomers together in IgM and IgA?
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J chain
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Which Ab is found in mucosal secretions?
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IgA
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How is it transported to the mucosal surface?
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It binds to a receptor on mucosal cells. It is then transported across the cell and released to the mucosal surface still bound to part of the receptor called the secretory component.
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Which regions of the heavy and light chain segments for the antigen binding site?
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Variable region
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True or false: T cells can recognize both linear and discontinuous epitopes?
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False (only linear)
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What determines the specificity of a Ag?
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The epitopes
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What portion of the variable region is rearranged first?
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The D and J segments.
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Do heavy chain variable regions contain a D(diversity) segment?
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Yes
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What is the function of RAG genes?
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to bring VDJ segments together and cut DNA. It holds these segments together until the repair is done.
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What are derived from palendromic sequences associated with recombination signal sequences(RSS)?
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P-nucleotides
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Non-template nucleotides added randomly by terminal deoxynucleotide transferase are called what?
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N-nucleotides
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Somatic hypermutation occurs when?
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In response to antigen
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What is somatic hypermutation?
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Point mutations that occur in variable regions, resulting in amino acid changes.
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What determines antigen specificity?
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Selection of VDJ and VJ segments for heavy and light chains, junctional diversity by P and N-nucleotides, selection of variable region gene segments of heavy and light chain, and somatic hypermutation.
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What is the only time two different Ab classes are expressed on a B cell?
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Mature (naive) B cells express both IgM and IgD.
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How does a B cell undergo isotype switching?
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A section is looped out allowing for combination of the correct segments to form a different Ab type.
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