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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Nature(HEREDITY)
vs. Nurture(ENVIRONMENT) 4 things |
Nature is a trait which is inborn, inheritance, and in genes.
Nurture 1. family, nuclear or extended, 2. socio-economic status; income, education, & occupation, 3. culture; customs beliefs tradition, 4. historical influence the impact of time and place we were born |
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4 different approaches to developmental psychology
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1) Learning, 2) Contextual (Bron fen brenner), 3) Evolutionary/ Sociobiological (Bowlbys attachment), 4) Cognitive (Piagets)
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Learning (type of psychological perspective)
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uses behaviorism and observational learning, Skinner and Watson, social learning theory- when a child watches an adult do something the child will mirror and even take it to the next level
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Cognitive (type of psychological perspective)
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information processing theory, Piaget
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Contextual (bronfenbrenner)
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Microsystem, Mesosystem, Exosystem, Macrosystem, Chronosystem
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Evolutionary/Sociobiology
(Bowlbys attatchment) |
The monkey experiment.
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Prenatal development
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1) Germinal stage 2) Embryonic Stage 3) Fetal Stage
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Germinal stage
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first two weeks after implantation into the uterus
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Embryonic stage (prenatal)
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2 wks - 8 wks, embryo has a androgen bath which is a bath of hormones and leads to the sex characteristics
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Fetal stage (Prenatal)
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9 wks - birth, consist of growth of the brain will complete 20% of the capacity
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teratogens (Prenatal)
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anything that is going to hinder the fetal development. ex/ tobacco, Alcohol, and stress
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Childhood
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Motor development; Recognize thigns that are novel, mimic expressions, little vision infants have good reflexes.
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cephalocodaul
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means from top to bottom
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postmodistal
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means from inside our body out
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Cognitive by piaget
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1) sensory motor birth-2yrs 2) preoperational 2yrs-4yrs 3) concrete operational 4yrs-11yrs 4) formal operational 11yrs- and on
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Sensory Motor (Cognitive Deveopment Piaget)
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Object permanance- means that when something is out of sight that means it is not there.
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Pre operational (moral Development)
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motor skills are better. Ego centration only able to focus on one ability at a time ex sitting in front of the TV. Lack of Reversibility and conservation
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Concrete operational ( Cognitive development)
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understand conservation of matter
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Formal operational (Cognitive development Piaget)
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develop abstract thinking and reasoning
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Piagets limitations
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to Piaget these happened in steps but in reality its a continuum gradually. he also calculated the earlier than what they really happen
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Colbergs moral development
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1)Pre conventional
2) Conventional 3) Post conventional 4) moral intuitionist perspective |
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1)Pre conventional stage (Moral Development)
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morality is defined b its consequences a child doesnt really know unless their is a consequence
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2) conventional (Moral Development)
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the actions morality is determined to what extent because other peoples veiws or how they perceive it. ex Middle school
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3) Post conventional (Moral Development)
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has to do with nothing other people, its how we perceive utopia to us.
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4) moral intuition (Moral Development)
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morality is much less than our decision but more about gut feeling
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Social Development
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Harlows Monkeys! given two mothers a wire and then a cloth, an wire had food. this does not differ culturally. (Strange Situation)
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Strange Situation ( social development)
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1) Secure
2) Avoidant 3) Anxious 4) Disorganized |
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Secure (Strange Situation)
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knows that the caregiver can take care of their needs
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Avoidant (Strange Situation)
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arent relying on their primary caregiver, rely on self soothing
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Anxious (Strange Situation)
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sometimes are their for the infant and the infant is overly dependent when caregiver is their ( Clingy)
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Disorganized ( Strange Situation)
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abuse of the infant
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Attatchment
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Secure- knows that the caregiver can take care of their needs
Insecure- the infant cannot trust the primary caregiver |
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Gender development
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Gender self fulfilling prophecy, also men and women re more similar than diffferent and the differences that do exist are small in magnitude
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Gender self-fulfilling prophecy (Gender Development)
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Jack in the Box experiment, boys keep on seeing the Jack in the Box pop up but when its a girl they stop after one time because she was "scared"
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three styles of Parenting
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Authoritarian
Authoritative Permissive Neglectful |
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Authoritarian (Type of Parenting)
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Parents impose strict rules but do not give a reason for the rules
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Authoritative (Parenting style)
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Is the best because parents are both demanding and responsive
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Permissive (Parenting style)
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Submit to their childrens desires and little punishment. Spoiled
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Neglectful (Parenting Style)
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Parents aren't their so child is on their own
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Adolescence
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the years that a person spends child into adult, Puberty, ends when reach adulthood
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Puberty (Adolescence stage)
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Primary sex characteristics- needed for reproduction
Secondary sex characteristics- not needed for reproduciton |
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Protraction (Adolescene)
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Period of adolescence is taking longer due to higher education after high school and parents are still in their life.
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Adulthood
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Intimacy Vs. Isolation, marriage usually is good and then parent hood has a huge impact on our lives
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Later Adulthood
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Fluid intelligence is weaker but crystalized intelegence is better because they have experienced more also their social groups are smaller but have a closer bond, look at life different are more happier
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