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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What events led up to the beginning of the Classical age?
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The defeat of the Persian invaders of Greece by the allied Hellenic city-states mark the beginning of the Classical age (480-323 BCE)
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Beehive Tomb
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In Mycenaean architecture, a beehive-shaped tomb covered by an earthen mound and constructed as a corbeled vault. See tholos.
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corbel
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A projecting wall member used as a support for some element in the superstructure. Also, courses of stone or brick in which each course projects beyond the one beneath it. Two such structures, meeting at the topmost course, create a corbelled arch.
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corbel tables
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Horizontal projections resting on corbels.
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corbeled vault
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A vault formed by the piling of stone blocks in horizontal courses, cantilevered inward until the two walls meet in a pointed arch. No mortar is used, and the vault is held in place only by the weight of the blocks themselves, with smaller stones used as wedges.
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Cycladic art
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The pre-Greek art of the Cycladic Islands.
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Cyclopean Gigantic,
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vast and rough, massive.
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Cyclopean masonry
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a method of stone construction using large, irregular blocks without mortar. The huge unhewn and roughly cut blocks of stone were used to construct Bronze Age fortifications such as Tiryns and other Mycenaean sites.
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dome
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A hemispheric vault; theoretically, an arch rotated on its vertical axis.
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dromos
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The passage leading to a beehive tomb.
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faïence
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Earthenware or pottery, especially with highly colored design (from Faenza, Italy, a site of manufacture for such ware). Glazed earthenware.
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fresco
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Painting on lime plaster, either dry (dry fresco or fresco secco) or wet (true or buon fresco). In the latter method, the pigments are mixed with water and become chemically bound to the freshly laid lime plaster. Also, a painting executed in either method.
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Helladic art
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The pre-Greek art of the Greek mainland (Hellas).
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krater
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An ancient Greek wide-mouthed bowl for mixing wine and water.
megaron The large reception hall of the king in a Mycenaean palace, fronted by an open, two-columned porch. |
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Minoan art
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The pre-Greek art of Crete, named after the legendary King Minos of Knossos.
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Mycenaean
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The late phase of Helladic art, named after the site of Mycenae.
niello A black metallic alloy used to fill incised designs in decorating metal objects. |
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portico
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A porch with a roof supported by columns; an entrance porch.
relieving triangle In a corbeled arch, the opening above the lintel that serves to lighten the weight to be carried by the lintel itself. |
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repoussé
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Formed in relief by beating a metal plate from the back, leaving the impression on the face. The metal is hammered into a hollow mold of wood or some other pliable material and finished with a graver. See also relief.
sculpture in the round Freestanding figures, carved or modeled in three dimensions. |
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What nurtured a Greek sense of Hellenic identity?
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The narrow escape of the Greeks from domination by Asian “barbarians” nurtured a sense of Hellenic identity.
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What were the themes in the Classical Age?
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Themes: triumph of reason and law over blood feuds and barbarianism.
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Name key people in the Classical Age.
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High point of Greek civilization;
Dramatists: Sophocles and Euripides Historian: Herodotus Statesmen: Pericles Philosopher: Socrates |
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What was the first great monument of Classical Art?
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The Temple of Zeus at Olympia, site of the Olympic Games
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Describe the layout of the Temple of Zeus
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Key: even number of columns (six) on the short ends
Two columns in antis Two rows of columns in two stories inside the cella Temple of Zeus more lavish; statues filled both pediments (on east side: chariot race between Pelops and King Oinomaos) and the six metopes (thematically connected—12 labors of Herakles, founder of Olympic games) over the doorway in the pronaos and the matching size of the opisthodomos were adorned with reliefs. |
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Compare and contrast the Temple of Hera and the Temple of Aphaia to the Temple of Zeus
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Disrepair but similar to second Temple of Hera at Paestum and both follow pattern of the Temple of Aphaia
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