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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How can the mass number be calculated? |
# of protons + # of neutrons |
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What did Democritus believe about the atom? |
That they were indivisible and indestructible. |
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What were the 4 main ideas of Dalton's atomic theory? |
All elements are composed of tiny indivisible particles called atoms. Atoms of the same element are identical but the atoms of each individual element are different. Atoms of different elements can physically mix together or chemically mix in simple whole-number ratios. Chemical reactions occur when atoms are separated, joined, or rearranged. Atoms of one element can't be changed into those of another. |
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What instrument can be used to observe the atom? |
Scanning tunneling microscope |
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What did J.J. Thomson discover? |
The electron |
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What did J.J. Thomson discover? |
The electron |
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What experiment did he conduct to discover the electron? |
Put gases in a clear tube and sealed it with electrodes. Each electrode was connected to electricity and one end, the anode, became positive, and the other end, the cathode, became negative. The end result was a glowing bean. |
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What did Robert A. Millikan discover? |
He found the quantity of charge carried by an electron. |
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What did Millikan use to figure this out? |
Charge-to-mass ratio and the charge carried by an electron. |
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What happened in Rutherford's gold foil experiment? |
He used a narrow beam of alpha particles that was directed at the gold foil. |
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What happened in Rutherford's gold foil experiment? |
He used a narrow beam of alpha particles that was directed at the gold foil. |
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What was supposed to happen in Rutherford's experiment? And instead what happened? |
The gold foil particle should have passed easily with only slight deflection; majority passed through, some bounced straight back and others at very large angles. |
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What happened in Rutherford's gold foil experiment? |
He used a narrow beam of alpha particles that was directed at the gold foil. |
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What was supposed to happen in Rutherford's experiment? And instead what happened? |
The gold foil particle should have passed easily with only slight deflection; majority passed through, some bounced straight back and others at very large angles. |
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What was Rutherford's atomic model? |
He believed the atom was mostly space and that the protons and neutrons were located in the nucleus and the electrons were surrounding the nucleus and made up most of an atoms volume. |
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How can you calculate the number of neutrons? |
mass # - atomic # |
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How do you calculate atomic mass? |
mass of each isotope x isotopes natural abundance; then add the products |
