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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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atomic number
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the number of protons in an atom which is used to organize the periodic table
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the number on the table of elements
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atomic mass
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the sum of protons and neutrons found in the nucleus
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sum
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isotopes
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atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
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electron cloud
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the current model used to represent the possible locations of electrons
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ground state
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when e- are at their lowest possible energy level
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ground=low
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ion
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a charged atom due to gaining or losing electrons
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polar covalent bond
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the unequal sharing of electrons giving the molecule a charge
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polyatomic ions
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covalently bonded group of atoms that have an overall positive or negative charge
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cation
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an atom that has lost electrons giving it an overall positive or negative charge
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covalent bond
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sharing of electrons between two nonmetals
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excited state
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when e- have gained energy and moved to a higher energy level
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metallic bond
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the attraction between two metal cations and the electrons that surround them
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ionic bond
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transfer of electrons between a metal and a nonmetal
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alloy
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mixture of metals
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molecule
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a neutral group of atoms that are joined together by one or more covalent bonds
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anion
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when an atom gains electrons giving it an overall negative charge
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ionization energy
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energy required to remove an electron from its orbital
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nonpolar covalent bond
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when electrons are shared equally producing a neutral charge
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atomic mass unit
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1 ½ the mass of a carbon-12 atom (used as a measurement guideline in chemistry)
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valence electron
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determine the reactivity of am atom, electrons found on the highest energy level
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