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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Carbon compounds
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Are the backbone of large organic molecules
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Hydrocarbons
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Simplest form of carbon compounds
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Made of carbon and hydrogen they form a nonpolar or neutral charge hydrocarbonic. These are all covalent bonds again a chemistry
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Organic chemistry
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The branch of chemistry that specializes in the study of carbon compounds
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Isomer
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Compounds with the same formula but different structures
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Structural isomer
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Isomer differ in covalent partners
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Geometric (Cis-trans)
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Isomer that differ in arrangement about a double bond
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Cis - two on the same side
Trans- two on opposite sides |
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Enantiomer
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Isomer that differ in spatial arrangement, molecules that are mirror images due to the presence asymmetric Carbon
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Who is Stanley Miller
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He came up with the idea of molecules were the first step in the origin of life
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Functional groups
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Chemical groups affect molecular function by being directly involved in chemical reactions
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Hydroxyl (-OH)
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a hydrogen atom bonded to an oxygen atom , which is bonded to carbon skeleton of the organic molecule ; forms alcohols
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sugar; polar
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Carbonyl (>CO)
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consist of a carbon atom joining to an oxygen atom a double bond; form ketones and aldehydes
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Compounds are proteins; polar acid
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Carboxyl (-COOH)
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An oxygen atom is double bonded to a carbon atom that is also bonded to an (-OH) group; forms carboxylic acids
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Proteins,Polar acid
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Amino (-NH2)
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consist of a nice gym at some bonded to two hydrogen atoms and to the carbon skeleton; forms amines
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Amino acid;Polar, basic
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Sulfhydryl (-SH)
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consists of a sulfur atom bonded to an atom of hydrogen, forms thiols
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Proteins; polar
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Phosphate (PO4^2-)
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Phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms, forms organic phosphate
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Very polar, hydrophilic; ATP and DNA
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Methyl (-CH3)
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Consist of carbon bonded to three hydrogen atoms; forms methylated compounds
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Nonpolar hydrophobic
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ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
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Consist of adenosine attached to 3 phosphate groups
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