Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are the recommended health maintenance practices for geriatrics patients?
|
* proper, nutritious diet
* exercise - at least 30 minutes continuously * No smoking and alcohol in moderation * Physical exam once a year and preventative care * Dental exam and preventative care * Maintain healthy attitude and motivation |
|
|
What are the factors that affect health promotion and maintenance?
|
* Religious beliefs
* Cultural beliefs * Knowledge and motivation * Mobility * perceptions of aging * impact of cognitive and sensory changes * changes in accessibility to goods and services |
|
|
How does exercise affect the geriatric patient?
|
Exercise helps keep the joints flexible, maintain muscles mass, control blood glucose levels and weight and promote a sense of well-being.
|
|
|
What is polypharmacy?
|
too many medications, doubling up or drug to drug interactions
|
|
|
To be of most benefit, how many minutes of continuous exercise is recommended?
|
At least 30 minutes
|
|
|
What can the caregiver do to avoid polypharmacy?
|
Ask the patient for a current list of medications and keep it for quick reference before prescribing additional medications.
|
|
|
How often should an older adult get a physical examination?
|
At least once a year by their physicians; more often if known health problems exist.
|
|
|
What immunizations should the older adult recieve?
|
Pneumonia - q 10 years
Influenza - yearly Tetanus -q 10 years, unless an injury prompts the need sooner Shingles vaccine, but it should not be given to anyone with impaired immune system or if taking corticosteroids |
|
|
Do older adults still need to use fluoride toothpaste?
|
Yes.
|
|
|
A decrease in social interaction can contribute to deteriorate of cognitive and adaptive skills.
|
True!
|
|
|
How do religious beliefs affect health maintenance?
|
... they can promote health maintenance or interfere with good health practices and result in increased health risks.
* Individuals whose religion teaches that the body is a temple tend to live longer, healthier lives. |
|
|
How do cultural beliefs affect health maintenance?
|
... plays a significant role in the selection of food and the methods used for food preparation
... reliance on home health remedies is common in many cultures. |
|
|
What is motivation necessary for?
|
... mastery of material and compliance with new health information
* People experiencing grief, depression, hopelessness, or low self-esteem may not be motivated to maintain good health practices. |
|
|
What roles does mobility play in health maintenance?
|
People with limited physical mobility, transportation, or money are likely to experience difficulty maintaining good health
|
|
|
How does perceptions of aging affect health maintenance?
|
Perceptions regarding aging greatly affect a person's motivation and willingness to participate in health maintenance activities.
|
|
|
What are consequences of negative perception of aging?
|
Those who perceive a decline in health as normal and expected with aging may do little to prevent loss of function, simply accepting the changes
|
|
|
What are consequences of positive perception of aging?
|
Those who have followed good health practices throughout their lives, believe old age is not synonymous with disease or loss of function
|
|
|
How do cognitive and sensory changes impact older adults?
|
* significant cognitive or perceptual problems can increase the risk for person neglect or injury
* Sensory changes increase the risk for injuries from falls, poisoning, fire and other traumatic events * older adult who are seriously impaired either perceptually or cognitively commonly lack awareness of their own needs |
|
|
A patient's financial issues should not be included in the nurse's plan of care.
|
False.
|
|
|
What is the best predictor of future behavior?
|
Past behavior!
|
|
|
What are the nursing process steps for Noncompliance?
|
1. Identify the reasons for noncompliance
2. Provide care in a nonjudgmental manner 3. Actively include the patient in planning care 4. emphasize the benefits of compliant behavior 4. acknowledge the person's right to not comply with the plan of care |
|
|
Are unlicensed workers allowed to measure or dispense medications?
|
No!
|
|
|
Which patients should wear Medic Alert bracelets?
|
Those with pacemakers, on heparin therapy or with drug allergies
|
|
|
What are communication techniques that are effective with older adults?
|
* Verbal communication
* Nonverbal communication * Therapeutic communication * Social communication |
|
|
How does social communication enhance trust between patient and nurse?
|
... helps to demonstrate that the nurse thinks of the patient as a real person, not just a patient.
|
|
|
What are nonverbal forms of communication?
|
* Symbols
* Tone of voice * Body language * Space, distance and position * Gestures * Facial expressions * Eye contact * Pace and Speed of Communication * Time and Timing * Touch * Silence |
|
|
What is the measurement of public space in nonverbal communication?
|
12 feet or more away; no real positive or negative connection with the other person
|
|
|
What is the measurement of social space in nonverbal communication?
|
Between 4 and 12 feet; a comfortable distance for a casual relationship, in which communication is at an impersonal level
|
|
|
What is the measurement of personal space in nonverbal communication?
|
18 inches to 4 feet; the optimal distance for close interpersonal communication with another person
|
|
|
What is the study of the use of personal space in communication?
|
proxemics
|
|
|
How can the pace or speed of communication affect communication?
|
A rushed rate of speech and movement can be overwhelming and frustrating to older adults
Don't complete a patients sentences! |
|
|
What is empathy?
|
The willingness to attempt to understand the unique world of another person
|
|
|
What is empathetic listening?
|
involves actively trying to understand the other person, not just knowing many facts about that person
* Requires patients and sensitivity |
|
|
How should a nurse address an older adult?
|
With proper title and name and then clarifying which form of address the person prefers
In some situation such as dementia or alteration in cognition, first names may be appropriate as that may be the only name the person can remember |
|
|
What are some barriers to communication?
|
* Hearing impairment
* Aphasia * Dementia * Cultural differences |
|
|
How do you talk to someone with a hearing impairment?
|
Speak in a low tone, bending near the patient
|
|
|
What is Aphasia?
|
A partial or total loss of the ability to use or understand words; does not necessarily affect intellectual function
|
|
|
What are some characteristics of dementia?
|
1. limited attention span
2. inability to focus on more than one thought at a time 3. confusion of fact and fantasy 4. inability to follow complex instructions |
|
|
What is informing in communication?
|
using direct statements regarding facts; clear, concise and expressed in words the patient can understand
*patient is not actively involved |
|
|
What is direct questioning in communication?
|
used to obtain specific information or in emergency situation when time is precious; yields brief answer, often yes or no
|
|
|
What are open-ended techniques in communication?
|
open ended questions, reflective statements, clarifying statements and paraphrasing
Allows the patient more leeway to response thus establishing a more empathetic climate |
|
|
When is confronting used in communication?
|
used when there are inconsistencies in information or when verbal and nonverbal messages appear contradictory
* should be used only after good rapport has been established |
|
|
What are the steps when communicating bad news?
|
1. Prepare yourself
2. think through what you want to say 3. establish an private environment 4. determine whether anyone else should be present 5. determine what the patient already knows 6. recognize ethical and cultural variations 7. use simple, direct, but sensitive language "I'm afraid I have bad news for you." 8. Respond to emotional reactions 9. develop a plan for follow-up 10. communicate significant information to other caregivers |
|
|
What is the best methods for conflict resolution?
|
1. pick a private place; free of distractions
2. focus on a single topic 3. if not going well, look at your own feelings and motivations 4. express using "I" statements, not "you" statements 5. Respect the right of the person to agree or disagree 6. keep balance between listening and talking 7. view communication as learning opportunity 8. don't' prejudge! 9. try to achieve a win-win solution |
