Chapter 4

Front 1

Stressors

Back 1

Adjustive demands placed on an individual or group.

Front 2

Stress

Back 2

Effect created within an organism by the application of a stressor

Front 3

Coping strategies

Back 3

Efforts to deal with stress.

Front 4

Eustress-

Back 4

Positive stress.

Front 5

Distress-

Back 5

Negative stress, associated with pain, anxiety, or sorrow.

Front 6

Crisis-

Back 6

A stressful situation that approaches or exceeds the adaptive capacities of an individual or group.

Front 7

Stress tolerance-

Back 7

A person’s ability to withstand stress without becoming seriously impaired.

Front 8

Task-oriented response-

Back 8

When a person feels competent to handle a stressful situation-Behavior directed primarily toward dealing with the requirements posed by a stressor.

Front 9

Defense-oriented response-

Back 9

When a person feels inadequate to deal with a stressor. Behavior direct primarily at protecting the self from hurt and disorganization, rather than at resolving the stressful situation.

Front 10

Personality decomposition-

Back 10

Lowering of adaptive psychosocial functioning in the face of sustained or severe stressors.

Front 11

General adaptation syndrome-

Back 11

A three-stage model that helps explain the course of a person’s biological decompensaiton under excessive stress and that consists of alarm reaction, resistance, and exhaustion.

Front 12

Psychoneuroimmunolgy-

Back 12

Field of study whose focus is on the effects of stressors on the immune system.

Front 13

Adjustment disorder-

Back 13

A disorder in which a person’s response to a common stressor is maladaptive and occurs within 3 months of the stressor.

Front 14

Acute stress disorder-

Back 14

Disorder following a traumatic event that involves three or more dissociative symptoms ( sense of numbing or detachment, reduction in awareness of surroundings, derealization, depersonalization, and/or dissociative amnesia) and that occurs within 4 weeks of the event and lasts for a minimum of 2 days and a maximum of 4 weeks.

Front 15

Post-traumatic stress disorder-

Back 15

Disorder that involves the same symptoms as acute stress disorder and occurs following an extreme traumatic stress but in which the person show symptoms that last longer than 4 weeks.

Front 16

Disaster syndrome-

Back 16

Common reactions of many victims of a major catastrophe during the traumatic experience as well as the initial reactions after it and long-lasting complications.

Front 17

Stress-inoculation training-

Back 17

Preventive strategy that prepares people to tolerate an anticipated threat by changing the things they say to themselves before the crisis.

Front 18

Crisis intervention-Problem-

Back 18

focused counseling approach that tries to provide psychological help to an individual or group after the stressful event is over.

Front 19

What are 4 factors that predispose a person to stress?

Back 19

1. Nature of the stressor 2. The person's perception of the stressor 3. The individual's stress tolerance 4. A lack of external resources and social support

Front 20

What are two ocmmon types of defense-oriented responses?

Back 20

1. Psychological Damage repair repsonses such as crying and mourning. 2. Ego-or self-defense responses such as denial and repression.

Front 21

How does stress effect the sympathetic nervous system?

Back 21

Increase heart rate, blood flow, and blood sugar. Pupil dilate and skin constricts.

Front 22

How does stress effect the immune system?

Back 22

Stress impact through the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal gland. Causes suppresion of immune system. Corticosteroid levels increase. Vulnerable to catching communicable diseases and to depression.

Front 23

What is the difference between Acute stress diorder and post-traumatic stress disorder?

Back 23

The severity of the symptoms and the timing of their occurence.

Front 24

What is the difference between acute and delayed post-traumatic stress disorder?

Back 24

Acute-if the symptoms begin within 6 months of the traumatic event. Delayed if symptoms begin 6 months after the traumatic event.

Front 25

What are the three stages of a disaster syndrome?

Back 25

1. Shock stage-victim is stunned, dazed, apathetic. 2. Suggestible stage-the victim tends to be passive, suggestible, and wlling ot take direction from rescue workers or others. 3. Recovery stage-the victim may be tense and apprehensive and shows generalized anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder in this stage.

Front 26

What are some causal factors in PTSD? Whether or not someone develops it?

Back 26

1. personaility 2. Nature of the traumatic stressor 3. Women greater likelihood.

Front 27

What is the most frequent cause of PTSD in women?

Back 27

Rape

Front 28

Stranger rape

Back 28

A rape in which the victim does not know that offender--the victim is likely to experience strong fear of phsycial harm and death.

Front 29

Acquaintance Rape

Back 29

May feel not only fear but also betrayal be someone she had trusted. She may feel more responsible for what happened and greater guilt. Also more hesitnat to seek help or report the rape.

Front 30

Rape affects women in 5 areas of life functioning?

Back 30

1. Phsycial distribances-anxiousness 2. emotional problems-anxiety, depressed mood, and low self-esteem 3. cognitive dysfunction-intrusive thoughts and disturbed concentration 4. Atypical behaviors including agression, substance abuse 5. Interference in social relationships, sexual and intimacy problems

Front 31

Long term effects of rape?

Back 31

Anxiety, depression, withdrawal, and relationships problems.

Front 32

Three levels of experienced stress among Vietnam veterans?

Back 32

1. Exposure to combat 2. Exposure to violence 3. participatoin in abusive violence.