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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How many common amino acids are there?
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20
(8 nonpolar) (7 polar uncharged) (2 anionic) (2 cationic) |
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How does one amino acid join another amino acid?
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Via peptide bond
The bond between the NH2-COOH (amiNo aCids) |
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Describe the basic structure of the amino acid; include where they are found and two deviations
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DRAW THIS
amino and carboxyl group, tetrahedral carbon and R' side chain All found in proteins except proline |
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List the 4 basic classes of amino acids
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* Nonpolar amino acids
* Polar, uncharged amino acids * Acidic Amino Acids * Basic Amino Acids |
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The Basic Amino Acids
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"HAL"
Histidine, Arginine, Lysine |
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Give the one letter abbv. for: aspartic acid.
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D = aspartic acid.
Think ‘asparDic acid’ |
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Give the one letter abbv. for: glutamic acid.
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E = glutamic acid.
Think ‘glutEmic’ acid’ (and it comes after aspartic acid) |
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Give the one letter abbv. for:
phenylalanine |
F = phenylalanine
(‘Fenylalanine’) |
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Give the one letter abbv. for:
tyrosine. |
Y = tyrosine.
Think ‘tYrosine. |
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Give the one letter abbv. for:
trytophan. |
W = trytophan.
Think ‘tWypophan’. |
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Give the one letter abbv. for:
arginine |
R = arginine.
Think ‘R-ginine’ |
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Give the one letter abbv. for:
glutamine |
Q = glutamine.
Think ‘Q-tamine’ |
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Give the one letter abbv. for:
lysine |
K = lysine
Think lyKable |
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Give the one letter abbv. for:
asparagine |
N=asparagine
Think NAS |
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List the Essential Amino Acids
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["Pvt. Tim Hall"]
Phenylalanine Valine Tyrosine Threonine Isoleucine Methionine Histidine Arginine Lysine |
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If you are trying to build a giant protein, name some amino acids that would not be helpful
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selenocysteine
Pyrrolysine Hydroxylysine Carboxyglutamate Pyroglutamate GABA Phosphorylated amino acids |
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Name 4 amino acids that act as neurotransmitter hormones
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GABA
Epinephrine Histadine Serotonin |
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Amino acids are ...
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Weak polyprotic acids
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Give the pKa for
Alpha Carboxyl Group |
pKa=2
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Give the pKa for
Alpha Amino Group |
pKa=9
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Give the pKa for
Arginine, Arg,R |
pKa=12.5
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Give the pKa for
Aspartic Acid, Asp, D |
pKa=3.9
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Give the pKa for
Cysteine, Cys, C |
pKa=8.3
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Give the pKa for
Glutamic Acid, Glu, E |
pKa=4.3
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Give the pKa for
Histidine, His, H |
pKa=6.0
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Give the pKa for
Lysine, Lys, K |
10.5
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Give the pKa for
Serine, Ser, S |
pKa=13
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Give the pKa for
Threonone, Thr, T |
pKa=13
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Give the pKa for
Tyrosine, Tyr, Y |
pKa=10.1
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What is the pH of a glutamic acid solution if the alpha carboxyl is [1/4] decayed?
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pH=pKa+undissociated amount
Undissociated amt=3/4 (4/4-1/4) Rtio in log form=(1/4) over (3/4) =(1/3) |
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amino acids that react together to form disulfides
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Cysteine
KNOW TO DRAW |
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Are all the amino acids chiral?
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All amino acids are chiral EXCEPT for glycine
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Which amino acids can absorb infrared wavelengths?
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All amino acids can absorb at infrared wavelengths
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Which amino acids can absorb UV wavelengths?
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Phe, Trp, Tyr
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What is a good diagnostic device for amino acid absorbance?
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Absorbance at 280 nm is a good diagnostic device for amino acids
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What is Mikhail Tswett known for?
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Founding chromatography method by seperating colorful plant pigments
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Name two methods for seperation of amino acid mixtures using chromatographic method
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1. I Xchange
2. High performance liquid |
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What does the backbone of a peptide protein look like?
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Consists of numerous sequences of repeating -N-Ca-Co
'N'=amide nitrogen of amino acid 'Ca'=alpha-C of the amino acid 'Co'=carbonyl carbon of the amino acid |
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Describe the structure of the peptide bond; include:
A) character B) conformation C) bond length D) orientation |
A) Partial (40%) bond structure
B) usually found in trans C) Shorter than typical single bond but longer than a double bond at 0.133 nm D) Always planar |
