Chapter 4

Front 1

sense

Back 1

a system that translates information from outside the nervous system into neural activity, which provides the brain with info about the environment.

Front 2

transduction

Back 2

the process whereby receptors translate stimulus energy into neural energy that the brain can interpret.

Front 3

doctrine of specific nerve energies

Back 3

each sensory nerve has a specific sensation associated with it and that these specific sensations will occur no matter how the nerve is stimulated.

Front 4

temporal codes

Back 4

based on the timing of neural activity; the speed with which neurons fire becomes a code.

Front 5

spatial codes

Back 5

based on the location of neural activity; two messages that are sent in neurons that are next to each other tell the brain that both stimuli occurred very close to each other.

Front 6

trichromatic theory

Back 6

because any color can be made by combining red,green,and blue light, there must be three types of visual elements, each of which is most sensitive to one of these three colors.

Front 7

opponent-process theory

Back 7

visual elements sensitive to color are grouped into three pairs, each pair member opposes or inhibits the other. The pairs are red-green, blue-yellow, black-white; each element signals one color, or the other, but not both.
-ganglion cells in the retina have color-coded center-surround receptive fields.