Chapter 4

Front 1

cytoplasm

Back 1

gel- like substance that surrounds the nucleus of a cell but is contained within the cell membrane

Front 2

deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

Back 2

Molecule that holds genetic information and makes an exact copy of itself whenever the cell divides

Front 3

diagnosis

Back 3

identification of a disease or condition by scientific evaluation of physical signs, symptoms, history, laboratory and clinical test results, and radiographic procedures

Front 4

endoscope

Back 4

instrument consisting of a rigid or flexible fiberoptic tube and optical system for observing the inside of a hollow organ or cavity

Front 5

etiology

Back 5

study of the causes of disease

Front 6

fluoroscope

Back 6

instrument, consisting of an x-ray machine and a fluorescent screen, used to view the internal organs of the body

Front 7

idiopathic

Back 7

pertaining to conditions without clear pathogenesis, or disease without recognizable cause, as of spontaneous origin

Front 8

metabolism

Back 8

chemical changes tha take place in a cell or an organism and produce energy and basic materials needed for all life processes

Front 9

prognosis

Back 9

prediction of the course and end of a disease and the estimated chance of recovery

Front 10

sign

Back 10

any objective evidence or manifestation of an illness or a disordered function of the body

Front 11

symptom

Back 11

any change in the body or its functions as perceived by the patient

Front 12

midsagittal (median)

Back 12

right and left halves

Front 13

coronal (frontal)

Back 13

anterior (ventral) and posterior (dorsal) aspects

Front 14

transverse (horizontal)

Back 14

Superior (upper) and inferior (lower) aspects

Front 15

cranial

Back 15

brain

Front 16

spinal

Back 16

spinal cord

Front 17

thoracic

Back 17

heart, lungs, and associated structures

Front 18

abdominopelvic

Back 18

digestive, excretory, and reproductive organs and structures

Front 19

right upper (RUQ)

Back 19

right lobe of liver, gallbladder, part of pancreas, part of the small and large intestines.

Front 20

left upper (LUQ)

Back 20

LEFT LOBE OF LIVER, STOMACH, SPLEEN, PART OF PANCREAS, PART OF SMALL AND LARGE INTESTINES

Front 21

RIGHT LOWER (RLQ)

Back 21

PART OF THE SMALL AND LARGE INTESTINES, APPENDIX, RIGHT OVARY, RIGHT FALLOPIAN TUBE, RIGHT URETER

Front 22

LEFT LOWER (LLQ)

Back 22

PART OF THE SMALL AND LARGE INTESTINES, LEFT OVARY, LEFT FALLOPIAN TUBE, LEFT URETER

Front 23

LEFT HYPOCHONDRIAC

Back 23

UPPER LEFT REGION BENEATH THE RIBS

Front 24

EPIGASTRIC

Back 24

REGION ABOVE THE STOMACH

Front 25

RIGHT HYPOCHONDRIAC

Back 25

UPPER RIGHT REGION BENEATH THE RIBS

Front 26

LEFT LUMBAR

Back 26

LEFT MIDDLE LATERAL REGION

Front 27

UMBILICAL

Back 27

REGION OF THE NAVAL

Front 28

RIGHT LUMBAR

Back 28

RIGHT MIDDLE LATERAL REGION

Front 29

LEFT INGUINAL (ILIAC)

Back 29

LEFT LOWER LATERAL REGION

Front 30

HYPOGASTRIC

Back 30

LOWER MIDDLE REGION BENEATH THE NAVAL

Front 31

RIGHT INGUINAL (ILIAC)

Back 31

RIGHT LOWER LATERAL REGION

Front 32

ABDUCTION

Back 32

MOVEMENT AWAY FROM THE MEDIAN PLANE OF THE BODY OR ONE OF ITS PARTS

Front 33

ADDUCTION

Back 33

MOVEMENT TOWARD THE MEDIAN PLANE OF THE BODY

Front 34

MEDIAL

Back 34

PERTAINING TO THE MIDLINE OF THE BODY STRUCTURE

Front 35

LATERAL

Back 35

PERTAINING TO A SIDE

Front 36

SUPERIOR (CEPHALAD)

Back 36

TOWARD THE HEAD OR UPPER PORTION OF A STRUCTURE

Front 37

INFERIOR (CAUDAL)

Back 37

AWAY FROM THE HEAD, OR TOWARD THE TAIL OR LOWER PART OF A STRUCTURE

Front 38

PROXIMAL

Back 38

NEARER TO THE CENTER (TRUNK OF THE BODY) OR FROM THE POINT OF ATTACHMENT TO THE BODY

Front 39

DISTAL

Back 39

FURTHER FROM THE CENTER (TRUNK OF THE BODY) OR FROM THE POINT OF ATTACHMENT TO THE BODY

Front 40

ANTERIOR (VENTRAL)

Back 40

NEAR THE FRONT OF THE BODY

Front 41

POSTERIOR (DORSAL)

Back 41

NEAR THE BACK OF THE BODY

Front 42

PARIETAL

Back 42

PERTAINING TO THE OUTER WALL OF THE BODY CAVITY

Front 43

VISCERAL

Back 43

PERTAINING TO THE VISCERA, OR INTERNAL ORGANS, ESPECIALLY THE ABDOMINAL ORGANS

Front 44

PRONE

Back 44

LYING HORIZONTAL WITH THE FACE DOWNWARD, OR INDICATING THE HAND WITH PALMS TURNED DOWNWARD

Front 45

SUPINE

Back 45

LYING ON THE BACK WITH THE FACE UPWARD, OR INDICATING THE POSITION OF THE HAND OR FOOT WITH THE PALM OR FOOT FACING UPWARD

Front 46

INVERSION

Back 46

TRUNING INWARD OR INSIDE OUT

Front 47

EVERSION

Back 47

TURNING OUTWARD

Front 48

PALMAR

Back 48

PERTAINING TO THE PALM OF THE HAND

Front 49

PLANTAR

Back 49

PERTAINING TO THE SOLE OF THE FOOT

Front 50

SUPERFICIAL

Back 50

TOWARD THE SURFACE OF THE BODY

Front 51

DEEP

Back 51

AWAY FROM THE SURFACE OF THE BODY (INTERNAL)

Front 52

CYT/O

Back 52

CELL

Front 53

HIST/O

Back 53

TISSUE

Front 54

NUCLE/O

Back 54

NUCLEUS

Front 55

KARY/O

Back 55

NUCLEUS

Front 56

ANTER/O

Back 56

ANTERIOR, FRONT

Front 57

CAUD/O

Back 57

TAIL

Front 58

CRANI/O

Back 58

CRANIUM (SKULL)

Front 59

DIST/O

Back 59

FAR, FARTHEST

Front 60

DORS/O

Back 60

BACK (OF BODY)

Front 61

INFER/O

Back 61

LOWER, BELOW

Front 62

LATER/O

Back 62

SIDE

Front 63

MEDI/O

Back 63

MIDDLE

Front 64

POSTER/O

Back 64

BACK (OF BODY), BEHIND, POSTERIOR

Front 65

PROXIM/O

Back 65

NEAR, NEAREST

Front 66

VENTR/O

Back 66

BELLY, BELLY SIDE

Front 67

ABDOMIN/O

Back 67

ABDOMEN

Front 68

CERVIC/O

Back 68

NECK; CERVIC UTERI (NECK OF UTERUS)

Front 69

CRANI/O

Back 69

CRANIUM (SKULL)

Front 70

GASTR/O

Back 70

STOMACH

Front 71

ILI/O

Back 71

ILIUM (LATERAL, FLARING PORTION OF HIP BONE)

Front 72

INGUIN/O

Back 72

GROIN

Front 73

LUMB/O

Back 73

LOINS, LOWER BACK

Front 74

UMBILIC/O

Back 74

NAVEL

Front 75

PELV/I

Back 75

PELVIS

Front 76

PELV/O

Back 76

PELVIS

Front 77

SPIN/O

Back 77

SPINE

Front 78

THORAC/O

Back 78

CHEST

Front 79

ALBIN/O

Back 79

WHITE

Front 80

LEUK/O

Back 80

WHITE

Front 81

CHLOR/O

Back 81

GREEN

Front 82

CHROM/O

Back 82

COLOR

Front 83

CIRRH/O

Back 83

YELLOW

Front 84

JAUND/O

Back 84

YELLOW

Front 85

XANTH/O

Back 85

YELLOW

Front 86

CYAN/O

Back 86

BLUE

Front 87

ERYTHR/O

Back 87

RED

Front 88

MELAN/O

Back 88

BLACK

Front 89

POLI/O

Back 89

GRAY; GRAY MATTER (OF BRIAN OR SPINAL CORD)

Front 90

ACR/O

Back 90

EXTREMITY

Front 91

ETI/O

Back 91

CAUSE

Front 92

FASCI/O

Back 92

BAND, FASCIA (FIBROUS MEMBRANE SUPPORTING AND SEPARATING MUSCLES)

Front 93

IDI/O

Back 93

UNKNOWN, PECULIAR

Front 94

MORPH/O

Back 94

FORM, SHAPE, STRUCTURE

Front 95

PATH/O

Back 95

DISEASE

Front 96

RADI/O

Back 96

RADIATION, X-RAY; RADIUS (LOWER ARM BONE ON THUMB SIDE)

Front 97

SOMAT/O

Back 97

BODY

Front 98

SON/O

Back 98

SOUND

Front 99

VISCER/O

Back 99

INTERNAL ORGANS

Front 100

XER/O

Back 100

DRY

Front 101

-LOGY

Back 101

STUDY OF

Front 102

-LOGIST

Back 102

SPECIALIST IN THE STUDY OF

Front 103

-GENESIS

Back 103

FORMING, PRODUCING, ORIGIN

Front 104

-GNOSIS

Back 104

KNOWING

Front 105

-GRAM

Back 105

RECORD, WRITING

Front 106

-GRAPH

Back 106

INSTRUMENT FOR RECORDING

Front 107

-GRAPHY

Back 107

PROCESS OF RECORDING

Front 108

-METER

Back 108

INSTRUMENT FOR MEASURING

Front 109

-METRY

Back 109

ACT OF MEASURING

Front 110

-PATHY

Back 110

DISEASE

Front 111

AB-

Back 111

FROM, AWAY FROM

Front 112

AD-

Back 112

TOWARD

Front 113

INFRA-

Back 113

BELOW, UNDER

Front 114

HETERO-

Back 114

DIFFRENT

Front 115

HOMEO-

Back 115

SAME, ALIKE

Front 116

PERI-

Back 116

AROUND

Front 117

SUPER-

Back 117

UPPER, ABOVE

Front 118

TRANS-

Back 118

ACROSS, THROUGH

Front 119

ULTRA-

Back 119

EXCESS, BEYOND