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78 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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stem cells
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generate and regenerate
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tissue
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collection of cells of the same type
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4 major tissure types
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epithelial
connective muscular nervous |
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epithelium types
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simple-one layer of cells
pseudostratified-one layer but looks like several stratified-several layers of cell |
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shape of cells
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squamos-flat
cubodial-cube columnar-column |
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basement membrane
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holds down cell
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gland
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make and release specific products
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exocrine gland
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substances released through ducts of tubes
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endocrine gland
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substances release directly into the extracellular fluid
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connective tissue
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connects supports and anchors the bodys parts
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3 main types of connective tissue
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fibrous- loose and dense
specialized- supportive, fluid |
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extracellular matrix
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fiberlike structural proteins
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2 types of bones
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compact- repeating circles
spongy-irregular shapes |
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blood is made of
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plasma
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3 formed elements
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red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets
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lymph tissue
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fluid where white blood cells congregate
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3 types of muscle tissue
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skeletal-striated
smooth-tappered cardiac-striated |
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dendrites
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carry information toward cell body
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axons
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carry information away from cell body
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mylelin
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fatty substance helps propogate singal faster
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3 types of glial cells
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oligodendrocytes-schwann cells
astrocyes microglia |
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tight junctions
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block leaking between adjoining cells
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adhering junctions
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desmosomes
cement cells together but flexible |
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gap junctions
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channels that connect cytoplasm of neighboring cells
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tissue membranes
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thin sheet like membrance cover many body surfaces and cavities
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mucous membranes
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secrete/absorb substances
most have glands line tubes and cavities |
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serous membranes
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occur in paired sheets
line the abdominal cavity secrete a fluid no glands |
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cutaneous membranes
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dry membrane-skin
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synovial membranes
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line cavities of the bodys moveable joints
lubricate ends of moving bones prevent friction |
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organ
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2 or more tissure types working towards a particular function
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body cavities
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cranial
spinal thoracic abdominal pelvic |
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organ system
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combination of organs that work together to carry out a particular function (11 systems)
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integumentary system
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the bodys covering
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accessory organs
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oil glands, sweat glands, hair and nails
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epidermis
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stratified squamos epithelium
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keratinocytes
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make keratine
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melanocytes
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makes melanin
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langerhan cells
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defence cells
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granstein cells
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control immune response
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dermis
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dense connective tissure
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hypodermis
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loose connective tissue
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sensory receptors
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translate the stimulus into a signal that can be sent to the brain
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stimulus
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specific change in the enviorment
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integrator
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brain and spinal cord
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effectors
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muscles and glands
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negative feedback
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keeping body temp within normal range
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positive feedback
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child birth
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hypothalamus
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neurons and endocrine cells
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hyperthermia
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heat exhaustion
heat stroke |
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cv system
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rapidly transports blood to every living cell in the body
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lymphatic vessels
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pick up excess extracellular fluid and usable substance
return them to the cv |
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myocardium
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muscle tissure
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pericardium
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membrane around heart
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endocardium
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connective tissue and epithelial layer on the inside
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setpum
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thick wall divies heart in half
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chambers of the heart
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atria
ventricles valves(AV and semilunar) conronary arteries |
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cardiac cycle
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systole-contraction
diastole-relaxation lubdup-closing of valves- AV then SEMI LUNAR |
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cardiac output
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amount of blood pumped by each ventricle every 60 seconds
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pulmonary circuit
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right side of heart pumps
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systemic circuit
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left side of heart pumps
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hepatic portal system
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hepatic portal vein
hepatic vein hepatic artery |
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cardiac conduction system
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independent of the nervous system
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sinoatrial node
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cadiac pacemaker
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atrioventricular node
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signals ventricle contraction
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purkinje fibers
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allow contraction from apex upward
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blood pressure
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fluid pressure that blood exerts against vessel walls
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hypertension
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chronically elevated blood pressure
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hypotension
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abnormally low blood pressure
circulatory shock |
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venules
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function somewhat like capillaries
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veins
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less resistance for blood to get back to the heart
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valves
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prevent backflow of blood
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medulla
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monitors resting blood pressure
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precapillary sphincter
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ring of smooth muscle
regulates blood flow into the capilary |
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atherosclerosis
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obstruction due to fatty plaque deposit
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atherosclerotic plaque
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narrowing of artery
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arteriosclerosis
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hardening and thickening of the arteries (hypertension)
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electrocardiogram ECG
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recording of the electrical activity of the cardiac cycle
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arrhythmias
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irregular heart rythms
bradycardia- low hr tachycardia-high hr ventricular fibrillation-disorganized contraction |
