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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Auxin (IAA) location |
Location: Shoot apical meristem Young leaves |
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Auxin function |
Functions: - stimulates stem elongation - Promotes lateral and adventitious root formation - Regulates fruit development - phototropism and gravitrosperm - promotes secondary growth
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Cytokinins location |
Roots |
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Cytokinins functions |
- regulates cell division and influences pathway of differentiation - control apical dominance = apical bud suppresses development of auxiliary buds - promotes lateral bud growth - stimulate seed germination - delays senescence (death or deterioration of plant parts)
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Gibberellins location |
- apical meristem of roots and buds - young leaves - developing seeds |
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Gibberellins functions |
Stimulate stem elongation and cell division - pollen development and tube growth - promotes seed development and germination Stimulates flowering and fruits (with auxin) |
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Abscisic acid location |
All plant cells |
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Abscisic acid function |
- inhibited growth - controls stomata under water stress - promotes seed dormancy - promotes lead senescence |
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Ethylene location |
Most plant cells |
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Ethylene function |
- Triple response of seedlings - slow stem elongation - thickening of stem - horizontal growth of stem - promotes ripening - leaf abscission - senescence |
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Movement of plants: Tropism |
A directional growth response toward or away from a stimuli
Phototropism : directional growth in response to light - caused by concentration of Auxin on shaded side |
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Movement in plants: gravitropism |
Directional growth in response to gravity - caused by sedimentation of Statoliths in plant cells |
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Movement in plants: thigmotropism |
Directional growth in response to touch |
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Different types of photoreceptors (blue light) |
Initiate phototropism
Opening of stomata
Slowing of seed lead steam after seedling breaks ground |
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Red phytochrome |
Receptors that absorb mostly red light |
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De etiolation |
Greening |
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Seed germination |
Triggering by accumulation of red and far red phytochromes
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Red phytochrome |
Inhibits growth |
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Far red phytochrome |
Promotes growth |
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Shade avoidemce |
Pr and Pfr ratio dictate growth |
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Circadian rhythms |
Around 24hr cycles that are not directly controlled by a known environmental variable |
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Photoperiodism |
- A physiological response to photoperiod
- flowering (short-day vs. long-day)
- critical night length |
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Short day plants |
Require light period shorter than some critical period |
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Long day plants |
Require light period longer than some critical period |
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Critical night length |
Flowering can be turned on or off by activating the red (Pr) and far red (Pfr) photocrome receptors |
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Plant response to O2 deprivation |
Formation of aerial root
Death of root cortex cells to create air tubes |
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Plant response to drought stress |
Reduce transpiration - close stomata - release of absicicalid
Inhibits growth of young leaves - change leaf shape - deeper root growth - drop leaves |
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Plant response to salt stress |
Salt glands
Production of compatible solutes - maintain water potential |
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Plant response to heat stress |
Heat shrinks proteins - chaperone proteins |
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Plant response to cold stress |
Alter lipid concentration of membranes
Change in volume concentration of cytosol
----- protein |
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Tropism |
A directional growth response toward or away from a stimuli |
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Phototropsim |
Directional growth in response to light |
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Phototropsim |
Directional growth in response to light
Caused by concentration of auxin on shaded side |
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Gravitropism |
Directional growth in response to gravity
Caused by sedimentation of Statoliths in plant cells |
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Thigmotropism |
Directional growth In response to .. |
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Antifreeze lrotien |
Absorbed on ice surface inhibits ice crystal growth |
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Pamps |
Molecular sequences specific to certain pathogens
Effectors act to cripple host plants inmate immune response |
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Hypersensitive response |
Localized cell death near infection site
Lesion |
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Systemic squired response |
Signaling molecules activate defense system in entire plant |
