Chapter 39 Alterations Of Digestive Function

Front 1

The common symptoms of vomiting are ________ and _________

Back 1

The common symptoms of vomiting are HYPERSALIVATION and TACHYCARDIA

Front 2

What is retching?

Back 2

Non productive vomiting

Front 3

What is projectile vomiting?

Back 3

Projectile vomiting is spontaneous vomiting that does not follow nausea or retching

Front 4

What are some causes of constipation?

Back 4

-Neurogenic disorders
-functional or mechanical conditions
-low-residue diet
-sedentary lifestyle
-excessive use of antacids,

Front 5

What are the 3 types of diarrhea

Back 5

Osmotic diarrhea –i.e, lactose intolerant
Secretory diarrhea –i.e., cholera
Motility diarrhea –common post GI surgery

Front 6

________ diarrhea –i.e, lactose intolerant

Back 6

OSMOTIC diarrhea –i.e, lactose intolerant
A nonabsorbable substance in the intestine draws water into the lumen by osmosis
(Hyperosmotic = attract water)

Front 7

_______ diarrhea –i.e., cholera

Back 7

SECRETORY diarrhea –i.e., cholera

toxins, that causes secret ions into gut, attracts water

Front 8

________ diarrhea –common post GI surgery

Back 8

MOTILITY diarrhea –common post GI surgery

(Over activity of the smooth muscle of the gut)

Front 9

What is Olestra?

Back 9

Sucrose that has FA attached and tastes like FAT but adds no calories

Front 10

________ diarrheas occur when bacterial toxins enhance colonic Cl-secretion

Back 10

SECRETORY diarrheas occur when bacterial toxins enhance colonic Cl-secretion

Front 11

What major symptom would you expect to see from a person that has cholera?

Back 11

DEHYDATION!!!

(eyes even sink back!)
(Do oral rehydration therapy to get them back!!)

Front 12

If someone was dehyrdated with cholera, what simple ingredients would you use to make a rehydration drink

Back 12

water, salt, sugar/honey, bakingsoda

Front 13

Which is more localized pain (parietal or visceral)?

Back 13

Parietal pain

Pareietal pain comes from paietal peritoneum and is more intense than visceral pain that arises from the organs themselves

Front 14

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding includes which 3 organs?

Back 14

Esophagus, stomach, or duodenum

has Melena = dark tarry stools

Front 15

Lower gastrointestinal bleeding
includes which 4 organs? jejunum, ileum, colon, or rectum

Back 15

Jejunum, ileum, colon, or rectum

has Hematochezia–bright red blood in stools

Front 16

What is bright red blood in stools called?

Back 16

hematochezia

Front 17

What is dark tarry stools called?

Back 17

melena

Front 18

What is blood in vomit called?

Back 18

Hematemesis

Front 19

What is occult bleeding?

Back 19

source not obvious (neither upper or lower is distinguishable)

Front 20

What is Dysphagia

Back 20

Dysphagia is difficulty swallowing

Front 21

What is Achalasia?

Back 21

Denervation of smooth muscle in the esophagus and lower esophageal sphincter relaxation

(Ballooning at the bottom of the esophogus)

Front 22

What is visceral pain?

Back 22

arises from a stimulus acting on an abdominal organ, its poorly localized (less sharp)

Front 23

_______ dysphagia is caused by a neural or muscluar disorder that interfer with voluntary swallowing or peristalsis

Back 23

FUNCTIONAL dysphagia is caused by a neural or muscluar disorder that interfer with voluntary swallowing or peristalsis

Front 24

GERD is the reflux of ______ from the stomach to the esophagus

Back 24

GERD is the reflux of CHYME from the stomach to the esophagus

Front 25

If Gastroesophogeal reflux disease causes inflammation of the esophagus, it is called _________

Back 25

If GERD causes inflammation of the esophagus, it is called REFLUX ESPOPHAGITIS

Front 26

Conditions that increase abdominal _______ can contribute to Gastroesophogeal reflux disease

Back 26

Conditions that increase abdominal PRESSURE can contribute to GERD

Front 27

What are the manifestations of Gastroesophogeal reflux disease?

Back 27

- Heartburn
- regurgitation of chyme
- upper abdominal pain within 1 hour of eating

Front 28

What are the two hiatal hernias

Back 28

Sliding Hiatal Hernia (Most common)
Paraesophageal Hiatal Hernia (Comes through a second hole of the diaphragm

Front 29

What is the most common hiatal hernia?

Back 29

Sliding Hiatal Hernia

Front 30

If you had the symptom of succussion splash and dehydration, what condition do you likely have?

Back 30

Pyloric obstruction

Front 31

In the condition of Intestinal obstruction, there (is/is not) an obstructing lesion

Back 31

In the condition of Intestinal obstruction, there IS NOT an obstructing lesion

Front 32

In the condition of Ileus, there (is/is not) an obstructing lesion

Back 32

In the condition of Ileus, there IS an obstructing lesion

Front 33

Small intestinal obstruction (does/does not) have vomiting

Back 33

Small intestinal obstruction DOES have vomiting

Front 34

Large bowel obstruction obstruction (does/does not) have vomiting

Back 34

Large bowel obstruction obstruction DOES NOT have vomiting

(pain is lower in the GI than Sm. Intestinal obstruction)

Front 35

In intestinal obstruction, ________ obstruction is the failure of motility.

_______ obstruction is mechanical blockage

Back 35

In intestinal obstruction, FUNCTIONAL obstruction –failure of motility

SIMPLE obstruction –mechanical blockage

Front 36

What is the Inflammatory disorder of the gastric mucosa called?

Back 36

Gastritis

Front 37

Gastritis is the Inflammatory disorder of the gastric _______.

Back 37

Gastritis is the Inflammatory disorder of the gastric MUCOSA

(acute gastritis has scattered red erosions)

Front 38

Which Chronic gastritis is more common?

Back 38

Chronic antral gastritis

(not Chronic fundal gastritis because of gravity)

Front 39

How is Chronic funal gastritis caused?

Back 39

Autoimmune attack

(Chronic fundal gastritis is cause from either NSAIDS or H.pylori

Front 40

What condition can NSAIDS or H.pylori cause?

Back 40

Acute Gastritis

Front 41

A break in the protective mucosal lining of the lower esophagus, stomach, or duodenum is called _______?

Back 41

A break in the protective mucosal lining of the lower esophagus, stomach, or duodenum is called PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE

Front 42

__________ are a type of peptic ulcers that extend through the muscularis mucosae and damage blood vessels.

Back 42

TRUE ULCERS
are a type of peptic ulcers extend through the muscularis mucosae and damage blood vessels.

Front 43

__________ are a type of peptic ulcers thaterode the mucosa but do not penetrate the muscularis mucosae

Back 43

SUPERFICIAL ULCERS are a type of peptic ulcers thaterode the mucosa but do not penetrate the muscularis mucosae