Chapter 35

Front 1

The fundamental strategic decision of World War II made by President Roosevelt and the British at the very beginning was

Back 1

D) to concentrate first on the war in Europe and to place the Pacific war against Japan on the back burner.

Front 2

Once at war, America's first great challenge was to

Back 2

E) retool its industry for all-out war production.

Front 3

Overall, most ethnic groups in the United States during World War II

Back 3

A) were further assimilated into American society.

Front 4

Japanese Americans were placed in concentration camps during World War II

Back 4

C) as a result of anti-Japanese prejudice and fear.

Front 5

The minority group most adversely affected by Washington's wartime policies was

Back 5

C) Japanese Americans.

Front 6

The general American attitude toward World War II was

Back 6

D) less idealistic and ideological and more practical than the outlook in World War I.

Front 7

In the period from 1885 to 1924, Japanese immigrants to the United States were

Back 7

E) a select group who was better educated than most European immigrants.

Front 8

When the United States entered World War II in December 1941,

Back 8

D) a majority of Americans had no clear idea of what the war was about.

Front 9

During World War II, the United States government commissioned the production of synthetic __________ in order to offset the loss of access to prewar supplies in East Asia.

Back 9

B) rubber

Front 10

Match each of the wartime agencies below with its correct function:

Back 10

B) A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4

Front 11

While most American workers were strongly committed to the war effort, wartime production was disrupted by strikes led by the

Back 11

D) United Mine Workers.

Front 12

During World War II,

Back 12

E) labor unions substantially increased their membership.

Front 13

The employment of more than six million women in American industry during World War II led to

Back 13

C) the establishment of day-care centers by the government.

Front 14

The main reason the majority of women war workers left the labor force at the end of WW II was

Back 14

E) family obligations.

Front 15

African Americans did all of the following during World War II except

Back 15

A) fight in integrated combat units.

Front 16

Which one of the following is least related to the other four?

Back 16

A) Smith-Connally Act

Front 17

During World War II , most Americans economically experienced

Back 17

B) prosperity and a doubling of personal income.

Front 18

The northward migration of African Americans accelerated after World War II because

Back 18

C) mechanical cotton pickers came into use.

Front 19

During World War II, American Indians

Back 19

D) moved off reservations in large numbers.

Front 20

By the end of World War II, the heart of the United States' African-American community had shifted to

Back 20

E) northern cities.

Front 21

The national debt increased most during

Back 21

C) World War II.

Front 22

Most of the money raised to finance World War II came through

Back 22

E) borrowing.

Front 23

The first naval battle in history in which all the fighting was done by carrier-based aircraft was the Battle of

Back 23

C) the Coral Sea.

Front 24

The tide of Japanese conquest in the Pacific was turned following the Battle of

Back 24

D) Midway.

Front 25

The Japanese made a crucial mistake in 1942 in their attempt to control much of the Pacific when they

Back 25

C) overextended themselves instead of digging in and consolidating their gains.

Front 26

In waging war against Japan, the United States relied mainly on a strategy of

Back 26

D) "island hopping" across the South Pacific while bypassing Japanese strongholds.

Front 27

The conquest of in 1944 was especially critical, because from there Americans could conduct round-trip bombing raids on the Japanese home islands.

Back 27

E) Guam

Front 28

Until spring 1943, perhaps Hitler's greatest opportunities of defeating Britain and winning the war was

Back 28

B) that German U-boat would destroy Allied shipping.

Front 29

Hitler's advance in the European theater of war crested in late 1942 at the Battle of __________, after which his fortunes gradually declined.

Back 29

B) Stalingrad

Front 30

The Allies postponed opening a second front in Europe until 1944 because

Back 30

E) of British reluctance and lack of adequate resources.

Front 31

Roosevelt's and Churchill's insistence on the absolute and "unconditional surrender" of Germany

Back 31

A) eventually complicated the problems of postwar reconstruction.

Front 32

President Roosevelt's promise to the Soviets to open a second front in western Europe by the end of 1942

Back 32

D) utterly impossible to keep.

Front 33

Arrange these wartime conferences in chronological order: (A) Potsdam, (B) Casablanca, (C) Teheran.

Back 33

C) B, C, A

Front 34

Arrange these events in chronological order: (A) V-J Day, (B) V-E Day, (C) D Day, (D) Invasion of Italy.

Back 34

A) D, C, B, A

Front 35

The major consequence of the Allied conquest of Sicily in August 1943 was

Back 35

B) the overthrow of Mussolini and Italy's unconditional surrender

Front 36

After the Italian surrender in August 1943,

Back 36

E) the German army poured into Italy and stalled the Allied advance.

Front 37

The real impact of the Italian front on World War II may have been that it

Back 37

A) delayed the D-Day invasion and allowed the Soviet Union to advance further into Eastern Europe.

Front 38

At the wartime Teheran Conference,

Back 38

D) plans were made for the opening of a second front in Europe.

Front 39

The cross-channel invasion of Normandy to open a second front in Europe was commanded by General

Back 39

B) Dwight Eisenhower.

Front 40

In a sense, Franklin Roosevelt was the "forgotten man" at the Democratic Convention in 1944 because

Back 40

A) so much attention was focused on who would gain the vice presidency.

Front 41

Franklin Roosevelt won the election in 1944 primarily because

Back 41

E) the war was going well.

Front 42

Hitler's last-ditch attempt to achieve a victory against the Americans and British came in

Back 42

A) the Battle of the Bulge.

Front 43

As a result of the Battle of Leyte Gulf,

Back 43

E) Japan was finished as a naval power.

Front 44

The Potsdam conference

Back 44

E) issued an ultimatum to Japan to surrender or be destroyed.

Front 45

The spending of enormous sums on the original atomic bomb project was spurred by the belief that

Back 45

B) the Germans might acquire such a weapon first.

Front 46

The "unconditional surrender" policy toward Japan was finally modified by

Back 46

D) agreeing to let the Japanese keep Emperor Hirohito on the throne.

Front 47

Which of the following was not among the qualities of the American participation in World War II?

Back 47

C) a higher percentage of military casualties than any other Allied nation