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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the three primate groups? |
1. Lemurs 2. Tarsiers 3. Anthropoids |
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What are the two groups of Anthropoids? |
1. Monkeys 2. Apes ( us) |
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What derived characteristics do mammals have? |
1. mammary glads, produce milk 2. hair (keratin) 3. endothermy, causes a higher metabolic rate 4. larger brain than other vertebrates of equal size 5. differentiated teeth |
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What are the derived characteristics of primates? |
1. most have hands and feet adapted for grasping, and flat nails 2. a large brain and short jaws 3. forward looking eyes close together, providing depth perception 4. complex social behavior and parental care 5. fully opposable thumb |
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The oldest known anthropoid fossils, are about __________ ; which indicates that _________ are more closely related to anthropoids than to ______ |
45 million years old; tarsiers; lemurs |
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When did New World monkeys first appear? |
25 million years ago |
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Apes diverged from _____________ about __________________ |
Old World monkeys; 25 million years ago |
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What percent of the same genes do chimps and humans share? |
99% |
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Changes in _________ can have large effects on how traits develope |
Hox Genes |
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What are the derived characters of humans? |
1. upright posture and bipedal locomotion 2. larger brains, capable of language, symbolic thought, artistic expression, and the manufacture and use of complex tools 3. reduced jaw bones and jaw muscles 4. shorter digestive tract |
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Paleoanthropology |
the study of human origins |
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Hominins (Hominids) |
a primate of a family ( Hominidae ) that includes humans and their fossil ancestors. |
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When and where did Hominins first apear? |
about 607 million years ago in Africa |
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Early Hominins show evidence of __________ |
small brains and increasing bipedalism |
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Australoptihs |
a paraphyletic assemblage of hominins living 2 to 4 million years ago |
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Homo habilis |
- about 1.6 to 2.4 million years ago - stone tools (handy man) |
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Homo ergaster |
- first fully bipedal (standing erect), large brained hominin - 1.5 to 1.9 million years ago |
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Homo erectus |
- originated in Africa by 1.8 million years ago - was the first hominin to leave Africa |
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Neanderthals |
- live in Europe and the Near East from 28,000 to 350,000 years ago - thick boned - large brain - buried their dead - made hunting tools |
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When and where did Homo sapiens first appear? |
115,000 years ago in the Middle East |
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Homo sapiens were the first group to show evidence of ___________ |
symbolic and sophisticated thought |
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When did humans first arrive in the New World? |
15,000 years ago |
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DNA variation between race is the same level as ____________ |
DNA variation within the same race |
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Race has little _________ meaning |
biological |