Chapter 34 Bio 109 Flash-Cards Pt 1

Front 1

Three subphyla of Chordata

Back 1

Urochordata
Cephalochordata
Craniate

Front 2

List the set of derived characteristics that all chordates have

Back 2

Notochord
Pharynx gill slits
Muscular post anal tail
Dorsal hollow nerve cord

Front 3

Longitudinal flexible rod located between the digestive tube and the nerve cord

Back 3

Notochord

Front 4

The dorsal hollow nerve cord is

Back 4

the nerve cord that develops from from a plate of the ectoderm that rolls into a tube dorsal to the notochord

Front 5

Function as suspension feeding structures in many invertebrate chorodates

Back 5

Pharyngeal slits or clefts

Front 6

The pharyngeal slits or clefts develop into

Back 6

parts of the ear, head, and neck in terrestrial vertebrates

Front 7

provides the much of the propelling force in many aquatic species
lost in embryotic development

Back 7

Muscular post anal tail

Front 8

Urochordata includes

Back 8

Tunicates

Front 9

_____ most resemble chordates during thier larva stage

Back 9

Urochordata

Front 10

Tunicates are ______ feeders

Back 10

suspension feeders

Front 11

Cephalochordata includes

Back 11

Lancets

Front 12

Lancets are

Back 12

marine suspension feeders

Front 13

Craniates are defined as

Back 13

Chordates that have a head

Front 14

The development of a ____ gave rise to a completely different way of feeding in chordates called _____

Back 14

head
active preditiation

Front 15

A ___________ a collection that appears near the dorsal margins of the closing neural tube in an embryo

Back 15

Neural crest

Front 16

Neural crest cell gave rise to these structures

Back 16

Bones and cartilage of the skull

Front 17

Hagfish belong to the class ____ in the phylum ____

Back 17

Myxini
Craniate

Front 18

Verteabrates are defined as

Back 18

Craniates with backbones

Front 19

Small (40mm) vertebrates from the cambrian have dentine

Back 19

Conodonts

Front 20

Jawless fish with gills for for respiration
bodies are armored plates

Back 20

Ostraoderms

Front 21

Lampreys blong in the class

Back 21

Cephalaspidmorphi

Front 22

Lampreys, hagfish, and ostraoderms are _____

Back 22

Agnathostomes

Front 23

Gnathostomes are

Back 23

fish with jaws

Front 24

_____ give jaws shape

Back 24

Pharyngal slits

Front 25

1st arch of the pharyngal slits became

Back 25

mandible and quatrate

Front 26

2nd arch in pharyngeal slits became

Back 26

hyoid

Front 27

Derived characters of gnathostomes

Back 27

Enhanced sensory systems
a mineralized endoskeleton
Paired apendages

Front 28

Earliest Gnathostomes are an extinct lineage of armored vertebras called ____

Back 28

placoderms

Front 29

Acanthodians share a common ancestor with _____-

Back 29

osteichyes

Front 30

Chondrichthyes are

Back 30

sharks and rays and relatives

Front 31

Condrichthyes are defined by their

Back 31

cartilaginous skeletons

Front 32

Two lineages of Chonrichthyes

Back 32

Sharks and Rays
Ratfishes

Front 33

The sensory organ of a shark

Back 33

Ampulae of Lorenzini

Front 34

Oviparous

Back 34

lay eggs

Front 35

Ovoviviparous

Back 35

Eggs remain internal

Front 36

Young recieve nutrition from mother

Back 36

vivparous

Front 37

Reproductive organs in sharks

Back 37

clasper and collegian

Front 38

Majority of vertebras belong to the clade of gnathostomes called

Back 38

osterichthyes

Front 39

Ray fish and Lobe fish belong to the clade

Back 39

Osherichthyes

Front 40

Ray-finned fish belong to the class

Back 40

Achtinopterygii

Front 41

Lobe finned fish belong to the class

Back 41

Sarcoptergii

Front 42

Sarcoptergii also includes

Back 42

Tetrapods

Front 43

Derived characteristics of Tetrapods

Back 43

Four limbs with feet that have digits
Ears for detecting airborn sound

Front 44

Gas exchange in amphibians come through thier

Back 44

moist skin

Front 45

Amphibians are dependent on _____ for _____

Back 45

standing water for reproduction

Front 46

3 orders of Amphibians

Back 46

Urodela
Anura
Apoda

Front 47

urodela is a order of

Back 47

newts and salamanders

Front 48

Anura includes

Back 48

frogs and toads

Front 49

Apoda includes

Back 49

caecilains which are legless and resemble worms

Front 50

___ group of tetrapods that are have completely adapted to terrestrial life

Back 50

amniotes

Front 51

Amniotes include

Back 51

reptiles and mammals

Front 52

Parts of the amniotes egg

Back 52

shell
allantois
chorion
yolk
albumen
embryo

Front 53

Terestrail adaptations of aminotes

Back 53

impermeable skin and the ability to use the rib cage to ventilate the lungs

Front 54

ectothermic

Back 54

•Absorbing external heat as the
main source of body heat

Front 55

endothermic

Back 55

•Capable of keeping the body warm
through metabolism

Front 56

First major group of reptiles to emerge

Back 56

parareptiles

Front 57

turtles upper shell

Back 57

carapace

Front 58

turtles lower shell

Back 58

plastron

Front 59

Two main lineages of parareptiles

Back 59

lepidosaurs and the archosaurs

Front 60

Representative of lepidsaurs

Back 60

tuatara

Front 61

The other major living lineage of lepidosaura are the

Back 61

squatamata

Front 62

legless lepidosaurs

Back 62

snakes

Front 63

•Belong to an archosaur lineage that dates back to the
late Triassic

Back 63

crocodilians

Front 64

Archosaur are

Back 64

dinosaurs

Front 65

Birds are

Back 65

Archosaurs

Front 66

Many of the characters of birds are adaptations that facilitate flight like..

Back 66

hollow bones
 breast
muscle
clavicle
(wish bone)


  sac
lungs

Front 67

A bird’s most obvious
adaptations for flight are its

Back 67

wings and feathers

Front 68

front of bird wings

Back 68

shaft

Front 69

back of birds wings

Back 69

vane

Front 70

Paleognathae's are known as

Back 70

flightless birds

Front 71

Neognathae are known as

Back 71

birds with the ability to fly

Front 72

T-rexes are in the class.... are known for being bipedial

Back 72

Threopoda