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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mental health concepts are used to
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understand a patients behavioral responses to disease and dysfunction
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mental health is
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one's ability to cope with and adjust to the recurrent stresses of everyday living
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mental illness is evidenced by
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a pattern of behaviors that is conspicuous, threatening, and disruptive of relationships or deviates from acceptable behaviors
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assist the patient and family to achieve
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satisfying and productive ways to deal with daily living
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when did psychiatry become a separate branch of medicine
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latter half of the 18th century
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an asylum was built in England to
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encourage acceptable behavior by providing a nurturing atmosphere
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what hospital was established in the U.S. for the mentally ill
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the Pennsylvania hospital in Philadelphia.
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what century saw the flourishing of institutions and asylums
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19th
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what brought the decline in the care provided by institutions
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bureaucracy and overcrowding
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what did dorthea dix do
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brought millions of dollars toward the development of mental hospitals throughout the U.S.
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what century ushered in the reform of mental health care
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20th
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when was the Committee for Mental Hygiene formed and what did it focus on
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formed in 1909 and focused on the prevention of mental illness and the removal of the stigma of mental illness
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what was developed in the 1930's
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electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and insulin shock therapy were developed to treat schizophrenia
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what was used to eliminate violent behavior
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frontal lobotomy
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in the 1940s
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the passage of the National Health Act and the establishment of the National Institute of Mental health were among the most important developments in the psychiatric medicine in the U.S. The institute established research for the introduction of psychotherapeutic drugs
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1950s brought about the
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introduction of psychotherapeutic drugs
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during the 1960s and 1970s
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legislatures brought about changes in the mental health treatment at the community level
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act that reduced funding for mental health system and put mentally ill patients from institutions out on the streets
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Omnibus Budget Act of 1981
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Mental Health continuum
assessment of components of mental health (7) without these being used correctly you would have poor mental health |
-a positive self concept
-awareness of responsibility for ones behavior and its consequences -maintenance of satisfying interpersonal relationships -adaptability to changes -effective communication -awareness and acceptance of emotions and their expressions -recognition and use of supportive system |
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the point at which a person is deemed to be mentally ill is
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determined by the behavior exhibited as well as the context in which the behavior is observed
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mental illness results from
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an inability to cope with an overwhelming situation
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personality
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the relatively consistent sort of attitudes and behaviors particular to an individual
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personality continued
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-patterns of mental, emotional, and behavioral traits woven together
-influenced by genetics and interactions with the environment -individuals internal and external patters of adjustment to life |
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erik erikson
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provided a framework for understanding personality development. if a given task is not mastered, then a set of behaviors can be predicted.
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Sigmund Freud says personality development has 3 parts which are
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Id, ego, and superego.
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Id
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functions on a primitive level and is aimed primarily at experiencing pleasure and avoiding pain
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ego
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functions to integrate and mediate between self and the rest of the environment
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superego
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the moralistic censoring force; develops from the ego in response to reward or punishment from others
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self concept
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this is the framework of reference the individual uses for all he or she knows and experiences
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self concept continued
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-it includes all perceptions and values held by the individual and the individuals behavior's and interactions
-during growing and development, the individual accumulates and processes information that helps form a basic perception of who he his, how he looks, and how others react to him |
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stress
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the nonspecific response to the body to any demand made on it
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stressor examples
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physical
social spiritual economic chemical |
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mental health nursing concerns itself with
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behavior, particularly a persons response to stressors
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ANXIETY NOT FEAR
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ANXIETY NOT FEAR
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anxiety
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a vague feeling of apprehension that results from perceived threat to self
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mild forms of anxiety
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ready the body to meet stressful demands
(problem solving and constructive action) |
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severe forms of anxiety
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interfere with daily activities
(immobilized coping skills and result of emotional chaos) |
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anxiety is a major component to all
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mental health disturbances
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degree of anxiety is influenced by
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-how the person views the stressor
-the number of stressors being handled at 1 time -previous experience with similar situations -magnitude of change the event represents for the individual |
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motivation
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the gathering of personal resources of inner drive to complete a task or reach a goal
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motivation may be generated by
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perceived reward or perceived threat of punishment
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the motivation to participate in the care helps the patient
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through the stages of recovery quickly
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frustration
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involves anything that interferes with goal-directed activity
-some people are more flexible and adaptable than others |
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when adaptive behavior fails
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anxiety increases
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conflict
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a mental struggle, either conscious or unconscious, resulting from the simultaneous presence of opposing or incompatible thoughts, ideas, goals, or emotional forces, such as impulses, denials, or drives
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adaptation
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an individuals ability to adjust to changing life situations using various strategies
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coping responses are used to
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reduce anxiety brought on by stress
-may be used consciously or unconsciously |
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defense mechanisms
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unconscious intrapsychic reactions that offer protection to the self from a stressful situation
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defense mechanisms continued
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-behavioral patterns that protect the individual against a real or perceived threat
-blocking conscious awareness of threatening feelings |
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illness
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a state of homeostatic imbalance
"body is saying pay attention to my needs" |
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crisis
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this is a time of change or turning point in life when patterns of living must be modified to prevent disorganization of the person of family
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behavior is
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learned.
-people bring their learned behavior patterns into the health care setting |
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common behaviors seen with illness
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denial
anxiety shock anger withdrawal |
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phases of crisis
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-confusion, disbelief, and high anxiety
-denial -reality, anger, and remorse -sadness and crying -reconciliation and adaptation |
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nursing interventions for crisis
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-provide accurate information that aids in realistic perception of the situation
-encourage venting of feelings -identify family supports and adequate coping mechanism |
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how many people in the U.S. are in need of mental health services
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1 in 8
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how many people in the U.S. will develop a mental health problem at some point
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1 in 3
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who advocated humane care and maintenance of case history and conversation records and classified illnesses by behaviors
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Dr. Philippe Pinel
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first psychiatric training hospital for nurses
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1882
provided by McLean Hospital in Waverly, Massachusetts |
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first psychiatric nurse
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Linda Richards
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