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24 Cards in this Set

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Spiralia
grow by adding additional mass to an existing body
protostomes
Platazoa
move by ciliary action
lophotrochozoa
move by muscle contractions
ecdysozoa
molting animals
(4) characteristics for Phylum: Porifera
1) no true tissues
2) asymmetrical
3) free-swimming larvae, but sessile adult stage
4) reproduce asexually through fragmentation & sexually
n
a
f
r
Body characteristics of Porifera
a) choanocytes
b) outer epithelial layer
c) mesohyl
i) spicules
ii) spongin
c
o
m
s
s
Eumetazoans: (3) types of true tissue
1) ectoderm: epidermis and nervous tissue
2) endoderm: digestive tissue
3) mesoderm: muscular tissue (only in bilateral animals)
Symmetry of Eumetazoans (2) types
radial
bilateral
Phylum Cnidarians: "Polyp Form"
(5) Characteristics
1) cylindrical
2) attach to firm substrates
3) solitary or in colonies
4) one opening for both mouth & anus
5) build a chitinous or calcareous external or internal skeleton
stick and live on the ground of the sea floor mainly
Phylum Cnidaria: "Medusa Form"
(5) characteristics
1) free-living
2) often umbrella-shaped
3) mesoglea, thick like jelly
4) mouth/anus opening surrounded by tentacles
5) cnidocytes
Jellyfish
Cynidocyte
specialized cells on tentacles and body surfaces
jellyfish
Nematocytes
a structure within cnidocyte that contain a small powerful harpoon that may be barbed or contain a toxin.
jellyfish
Cnidarian Body structure
(2) features
1) gut cavity
2) no circulatory, respiratory or excretory systems.
g
n,c,r,e
Cnidarians' Life cycle (2) main elements
1) polyps reproduce asexually & sexually
2) medusae reproduce sexually
p
m
Four Classes of Cnidarians
1) hydrozoa - microscopic
2) scyphozoa - true jellyfish
3) cubozoa - boxed jellies
4) anthozoa - sea anemones and corals
h
s
c
a
Phylum Ctenophora "comb jellies"
(4) characteristics
1) more complex with mouth and anal pore
2) colloblast - special type of cell that discharges
3) use cilia for locomotion (largest animal to use cilia for locomotion)
4) radially symmetrical
comb jellies: oldest ancestors
Bilaterian Aceolomates: (4) classes in the Phylum Platyhelminthes
1) tubelleria - flatworms
2) monogenea - parasitic fluke
3) trematoda - parasitic fluke
4) cestoda - tapeworms
parasitic worms
(Phylum Platyhelminthes) Flatworm
characteristics
1) free-living
2) lack circulatory system
3) have (CNS)
4) hermaphroditic
Life Cycle of the Liver Fluke
(Phylum Platyhelminthes)
- determinant hosts: human, sheep
- indeterminant host: snail, fish.
- mature in the bile duct
(Phylum Platyhelminthes)
Cestodes (Tapeworms)
1) Scolex - hook or suckers
2) Proglittids - series of repeptive sections.
s
p
Cycliphora (worms)
- new microscopic phylum found on mouthparts or claw of lobster that have a unique reproduction
- dwarf males
lobsters
(2) Aceolomate Misclassifications
1) acoel flatworms - bilateral acoelomates; primitive nervous system; no digestive cavity
2) nemertea or ribbon worms - fluid-filled sac; close related to coelomates than acoelomates
Roundworms cause Human diseases (Nematodes) 4 diff. types
1) trichinella - in undercooked pork & infect muscles
2) pinworms - found in human rectums
3) ascaris - found in intestines
4) filariasis - live in lymphatic system cause by serveral species of roundworms
t
p
a
f
Pseudocoelomate: Phylum Rotifera
1) very small, mostly aquatic animals
2) corona - ciliated structure used for locomotion and food-gathering
3) complex jaw
4) complete gut passes from mouth to anus