Test 2 Ch. 33 And 34

Front 1

The minimum dose lethal to humans is _____ Gy to the whole body.

Back 1

2

Front 2

Some radiation victims of _______________ syndrome(s) may recover completely.

Back 2

Hematologic

Front 3

The central nervous system syndrome occurs following a whole body dose of _____ Gy or more.

Back 3

50

Front 4

Immediately following a whole body dose of 10 Gy the victim would experience (a) ______________________.

Back 4

Prodromal symtoms

Front 5

A dose of _____ Gy or more to a small area of the body can cause skin erythema.

Back 5

2

Front 6

There is usually a _______________ before the symptoms of acute radiation syndromes appear.

Back 6

Latent period

Front 7

The destruction of ________ cells in the intestinal lining causes death from GI syndrome.

Back 7

Stem

Front 8

A person subjected to 50 Gy to the whole body may survive for __________ before death occurs.

Back 8

3 days

Front 9

During the latent period, the radiation victim experiences _____________.

Back 9

Well-being

Front 10

A local dose of _____ Gy(s) or more can cause gonadal dysfunction.

Back 10

.01

Front 11

What would be the most likely immediate response to a whole body dose of 2 Gy?

Back 11

Diarrhea, nausea,and vomiting

Front 12

A subject would not experience ________________ following a dose high enough to cause CNS syndrome.

Back 12

Gastrointestinal syndrome and Hematologic syndrome

Front 13

The LD50/60 is the dose of radiation to the whole-body that will result in death within __________ to _____% of the irradiated population

Back 13

60 days, 50

Front 14

_____________ are among the most radioresistive species.

Back 14

Cockroaches

Front 15

Death from acute radiation exposure follows a __________________ dose-response relationship.

Back 15

Nonlinear, threshold

Front 16

The LD50/60 for humans is approximately _____ Gy

Back 16

3.5

Front 17

High doses of radiation to a localized area can lead to ____________ of tissues and organs in that area.

Back 17

Reduction in size

Shrinkage

Total loss of function

All of the above

Front 18

About half of the population will experience skin erythema following a localized dose of _____ Gy.

Back 18

5

Front 19

Skin effects from localized doses of radiation follow a _____________ dose-response relationship.

Back 19

Nonlinear, threshold

Front 20

Localized doses of 7 Gy to the skin can cause _____________________.

Back 20

Permanent hair loss

Front 21

Ovaries are most radiosensitive during ____________________.

Back 21

Fetal growth

Early childhood

Front 22

Gonadal responses to radiation have been observed at doses as low as _____ Gy.

Back 22

0.1

Front 23

The stem cells of the ovaries multiply during _________________.

Back 23

Fetal growth

Front 24

A single chromosome aberration represents ______________ to the DNA within the chromosome.

Back 24

Severe damage

Front 25

The most radiosensitive cells in the hematopoietic system of the human body are the _________________.

Back 25

Lymphocytes

Front 26

Has to deal with age; what we will use

Back 26

Relative Risk

Front 27

Does not involve age

Back 27

Absolute Risk

Front 28

Radiation protection guidelines are based on _______________________.

Back 28

Stochastic effects of radiation

Front 29

____________ is a stochastic effect of radiation exposure.

Back 29

Cancer

Front 30

An epidemiological study of the stochastic effects of very low doses of radiation requires a population of ____________ of people.

Back 30

Millions

Front 31

A __________ effect increases in incidence but not severity as the dose increases.

Back 31

Stochastic

Front 32

Low doses of radiation have been shown to cause ________________.

Back 32

Chromosome damage

Front 33

Chronic low doses of radiation have ________ effect on fertility.

Back 33

No

Front 34

Studies of A-bomb survivors indicate that leukemia has a ______________________ dose-response relationship to radiation.

Back 34

Linear, non threshold

Front 35

Radiation-induced leukemia has a latent period of _______ years.

Back 35

4-7

Front 36

Ankylosing spondylitis patients treated with radiation showed an increased incidence of _____________.

Back 36

Leukemia

Front 37

It is difficult to link cancer to radiation exposure because it occurs ___________ in the population.

Back 37

In high proportion

Front 38

People who had radiation treatments to their thymus gland as children later showed excess risk for ____________.

Back 38

Thyroid cancers

Front 39

People who were employed painting radium watch dials later showed excess risk for ______________ cancer.

Back 39

Bone

Front 40

Relative risk is _________________.

Back 40

Cases/Expected cases

Front 41

Radiation induced skin cancer in radiotherapy patients has occurred with _____________________.

Back 41

Threshold dose relationship

Front 42

The theory of radiation hormesis suggests that radiation doses below 0.1 mGy are _____________.

Back 42

Beneficial

Front 43

A study of an irradiated population which showed a relative risk factor below 1.0 would indicate that the population had a___________ risk.

Back 43

Reduced

Front 44

The most radiosensitive period during pregnancy for radiation induced congenital abnormalities is during the_____________________.

Back 44

First trimester

Front 45

Data showing radiation-induced human genetic abnormalities __________________.

Back 45

Does not exist

Front 46

Our information on the genetic effects of radiation has come from studies of ___________.

Back 46

Mice Fruit flies

Front 47

The threshold dose for cataract formation is known to be _____ mSv of acute exposure to the eyes.

Back 47

2