Chapter 31 Head Injuries

Front 1

the brain occupies _______ of space inside the skull

Back 1

80-90%

Front 2

flat bones that are fused together to form helmet like covering is called the...

Back 2

cranial skull

Front 3

made up of many seperate pieces of bone and is the weakest part of the skull is called...

Back 3

basilar skull, or floor of the skull

Front 4

this fluid is made by the brain and protects the brain and spinal cord against impact

Back 4

cerebrospinal fluid

Front 5

athe surface of the brain is protected by these three layers of tissues called

Back 5

meninges

Front 6

the outermost layer of the meninges is called the

Back 6

dura mater (hard mother) composed of a double layer of tough fiborous tissue

Front 7

the middle layer of the meninges is called the

Back 7

arachnoid

Front 8

the bottom layer of the meninges that is in contact with the brain is called

Back 8

the pia mater (soft mother)

Front 9

the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater are seperated by a lattice of fibrous spongy tissue filled with cerebrospinal fluid called the

Back 9

subarachnoid space

Front 10

bleeding that occurs between the dura mater and the skull is called

Back 10

epidural bleeding and involves the brains outermost arteries

Front 11

bleeding that occurs beneath fhte dura is called

Back 11

subdural bleeding this is ussually venous

Front 12

bleeding that occurs betweeen the arachnoid membrane and the surface of the brain is called

Back 12

subarachnoid hemorrhage

Front 13

the largest part of the brain comprising 3/4 of the brains volume

Back 13

cerebrum

Front 14

the little brain controls equilibrium and coordinate muscle activity is called

Back 14

cerebellum

Front 15

the brains funnel shaped infereior part,

Back 15

brain stem

Front 16

if the skull is intact and no openingd to the brain the injury is called a

Back 16

closed head injury

Front 17

a break in the skull is called an

Back 17

open head injury

Front 18

injury to the brain that results from shearing tearing and stretching of nerve fibers is called

Back 18

diffuse axonal injury (DAI)

Front 19

a ______________________ is the most important sign in cases of suspected head injury

Back 19

decreased mental status

Front 20

_____________indicates an upper level brain stem injury

Back 20

flexion posturing or decorticate posturing

Front 21

a purplish bruising of soft tissues around one or both eyes can be an indication or intracranial injury

Back 21

raccoon sign

Front 22

a purplish bruising or the mastoid area behind the ear

Back 22

battles sign

Front 23

signs and symptoms of head injury

Back 23

altered mental status, decreasing mental status, irregular breathing, increased blood pressure and decreasing pulse, blood or cerebral spinal fluid from ears or nose, raccoon sign, battles sign, absent motory function, nausea and vomiting, unequal pupils, retrograde amnesia, anterograde amnesia

Front 24

if signs of severe head injury is present consider this

Back 24

heyperventilation at a rate of 20 bpm

Front 25

this is a mild diffuse axonal injury where there is stretching tearing and shearing of brain tissue

Back 25

concussion

Front 26

bruising and swelling of the brain tissue is called a

Back 26

contusion

Front 27

in ______________ there can be damage at the point of a blow to the head or damage to the opposite side

Back 27

coup contrcoup injury

Front 28

in _______________ the head comes to a sudden stop but the brain continues to move back and forth inside the skull

Back 28

accelertation/deceleration injuries

Front 29

collection of blood between the dura mater and the arachnoid layer is called

Back 29

subdural hematoma

Front 30

arterial or venous bleeding that pools between the skull and dura is called

Back 30

epidural hematoma