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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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cast |
non flexible encasement of a fractured extremity |
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compartment syndrome |
a complication that occurs when there is excess pressure in a space that is unable to expand |
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dislocation |
event that occurs when the end of the bone is no longer articulated in the joint capsule |
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elasticity |
property that causes the muscle to return to its normal shape and form after contracting or extending must be used to retain proper abilities or atrophy will start |
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contractibility |
property that causes the shortening of the muscle to stimuli |
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extensibility |
property the enables the muscle to extend to stimuli |
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excitibility |
property that allows the muscle to receive a a stimulus and act on it |
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fasciotomy |
incision made in skin to relieve pressure on the tissues (severe cases of compartment syndrome) |
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fracture |
disruption in the bone |
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open or compound fracture |
broken bone breaks the skin |
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closed or simple fractures |
fracture that has not caused a disruption in the skin |
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complete fracture |
break that goes through entire bone |
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incomplete fracture |
break does not go through bone |
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comminuted fracture |
one part of the bone is broken into small pieces |
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displaced fracture |
broken sections of the bone are not in alignment with one another |
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spiral fracture |
usually occurs when the extremity is twisted |
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greenstick fracture |
common in children like a broken young branch of a tree |
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pathological fracture |
result of a disease process that has weakened the bone resulting in a fracture osteoporosis |
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compression fracture |
the bone is crushed |
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impacted fracture |
when the ends of the fracture are forced into each other |
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gangrene |
necrosis or tissue death |
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gout |
inflammatory disorder that causes uric acid crystals to form in a joint |
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kyphosis |
forward rounding of the Tspine |
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lordosis |
exaggeration of the lumbar curve of the spine often seen in obesity and during pregnancy |
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scoliosis |
lateral curve of the spine |
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osteoarthritis |
degenerative joint disease most common form of arthritis wear and tear disease caused by overuse or injury to a joint |
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osteoporosis |
condition that occurs primarily in older adults and that is characterized by loss of bone mass |
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phantom pain |
experience of sensation of absent extremity |
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sprain |
when a ligament is twisted in an unusual fashion |
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strain |
muscle that has been extended through more than the normal range of motion |
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suppuration |
production of pus |
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traction |
method of providing a steady and continuous pull that maintains the fractured bone in good alignment |
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complications of a fracture |
fat embolism compartment syndrome deep vein thrombosis (DVT) amputation |
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fat embolism |
fracture of long bone, fat globules may escape from the bone marrow and enter the blood stream SYMPTOMS: resp. distress, chest pain, petechiae, confusion |
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deep vein thrombosis DVT |
immobility and damage to the blood vessels in a fractured extremity leads to venous stasis and clot formation |
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arthrocentesis |
aspirate fluid from joint |
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arthrogram |
examine joint space after air or contrast medium injected into area |
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arthroscopy |
examine inside of a joint (surgical procedure using an arthroscope) |
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osteomalacia |
reversible demineralization of the bone caused by lack of vitamin D deficiency |
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osteomylitis |
infection of the bone |
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rheumatoid arthritis |
chronic, systemic inflammatory disease of the connective tissue |
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ankylosing spondylitis |
type of arthritis that primarily affects the spine
inflammatory disorder that causes the spine to stiffen and possibly fuse |
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lyme disease |
musculoskeletal disorder caused by a deer tick
the tick infects the client with bacteria that causes joint problems and systemic problems |
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herniated disk |
occurs when there is a rupture of the annulus fibrousus of the disk |
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fibromyalgia |
disorder that causes muscular pain, especially in trunk and extremities |
