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14 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
law of conservation of mass
mass is neither destroyed nor created during ordinary chemical reactions or physical changes
law of definite proportions
a chemical compound contains the same elements in exactly the same proportions by mass regardless of the size of the sample or source of the compound
law of multiple proportions
if two or more different compounds are composed of the same two elements, then the ratio of the masses of the second element combined with a certain mass of the first element is always a ration of small whole numbers
atom
the smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element
nuclear forces
short-range proton-neutron, proton-proton, and neutron-neutron forces hold the nuclear particles together
atomic number
(Z) of an element is the number of protons in the nucleus of each atom of that element
mass number
the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an isotope
nuclide
general term for any isotope of any element
atomic mass unit
1 amu-exactly 1/12 the mass of a carbon-12 atom
average atomic mass
weighted average of the atomic masses of the naturally occurring isotopes of an element
mole (mol)
the amount of substance that contains as many particles as there are atoms in exactly 12g of carbon-12
Avogadro's number
6.022 x 10^23-the number of particles in exactly one mole of a pure substance
molar mass
the mass of one mole of a pure substance
isotopes
atoms of the same element that have different masses