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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
law of conservation of mass
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mass is neither destroyed nor created during ordinary chemical reactions or physical changes
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law of definite proportions
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a chemical compound contains the same elements in exactly the same proportions by mass regardless of the size of the sample or source of the compound
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law of multiple proportions
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if two or more different compounds are composed of the same two elements, then the ratio of the masses of the second element combined with a certain mass of the first element is always a ration of small whole numbers
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atom
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the smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element
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nuclear forces
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short-range proton-neutron, proton-proton, and neutron-neutron forces hold the nuclear particles together
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atomic number
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(Z) of an element is the number of protons in the nucleus of each atom of that element
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mass number
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the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an isotope
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nuclide
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general term for any isotope of any element
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atomic mass unit
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1 amu-exactly 1/12 the mass of a carbon-12 atom
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average atomic mass
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weighted average of the atomic masses of the naturally occurring isotopes of an element
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mole (mol)
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the amount of substance that contains as many particles as there are atoms in exactly 12g of carbon-12
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Avogadro's number
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6.022 x 10^23-the number of particles in exactly one mole of a pure substance
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molar mass
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the mass of one mole of a pure substance
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isotopes
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atoms of the same element that have different masses
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