Chapter 3 Vocabulary

Front 1

Network

Back 1

A group of two or more computers connected so they can communicate with one another.

Front 2

Node

Back 2

Any entity on a network that can be managed, such as a system, repeater, router, gateway, switch or firewall. A computer or other addressable device attached to a network; a host.

Front 3

Client

Back 3

An individual computer connected to a network. Also, a system or application(such as a web browser or user agent) that requests a service from another computer(the server) and is used to access files or documents.

Front 4

Server

Back 4

A computer in a network that manages the network resources and provides, or serves

Front 5

Local area network(LAN)

Back 5

A group of computers connected within a confined geographic area

Front 6

Wide area network(WAN)

Back 6

A group of computers connected over an expansive geographic area so their users can share files and services.

Front 7

Internet

Back 7

A worldwide network or interconnected networks.

Front 8

Advanced research projects agency(ARPA)

Back 8

A U.S department of defense agency that created the first global computer network.

Front 9

Advanced research projects agency network(ARPANET)

Back 9

A computer network, funded by ARPA, that served as the basis for early networking research and was the backbone during the development of the internet.

Front 10

National science foundation(NSF)

Back 10

An independant agency of the U.S government that promotes the advancement of science and engineering.

Front 11

Backbone

Back 11

The highest level in the computer network hierarchy, to which smaller networks typically connect.

Front 12

Gateway

Back 12

A node on a network that serves as a portal to other networks.

Front 13

World Wide Web(WWW)

Back 13

A set of software programs that enables users to access resources on the internet via hypertext documents.

Front 14

Hypertext Link

Back 14

Highlighted or underlined text in a web page that, when clicked, links the user to another location or web page.

Front 15

Web page

Back 15

A HTML document containing one or more elements that can be linked to or from another HTML pages.

Front 16

Web Site

Back 16

A World Wide Web server and its contents; includes multiple web pages.

Front 17

Web browser

Back 17

A software application that enables users to access and veiw web pages on the internet.

Front 18

Transmission Control Protocol/internet protocol (TCP/IP)

Back 18

A suite of protocols that turns data into blocks of information called packets, which are then sent across the internet. The standard protocol used by the internet.

Front 19

Packet

Back 19

Data processed by protocols so it can be sent across a network.

Front 20

Router

Back 20

A device that routes packets between network based on network-layer addresses; determines the best path across a network. Also used to connect seperate LANs to form a WAN

Front 21

Internet service provider(ISP)

Back 21

An organization that maintains gateway to the internet and rents access to customers on a preuse or subscription basis.

Front 22

Modem

Back 22

An analog device that enables computers to communicate over telephone lines by translating data into audio-analog signals and then back into digital form.

Front 23

Integrated Services digital network(ISDN)

Back 23

A communication standard for sending voice, video or data over digital telephone lines.

Front 24

Bandwidth

Back 24

The amount of information, sometimes called traffic that can be carried on a network at one time.

Front 25

network interference card(NIC)

Back 25

A circut board within a computers central processing unit that serves as the interference enabling the computer to connect to a network.

Front 26

wireless access point(AP)

Back 26

A device that enables wireless systems to communicate with eachother provided that they are on the same network.

Front 27

standard

Back 27

A definition of format that has been approved by a recognized standards organization.

Front 28

Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)

Back 28

A high-speed direct internet connections that uses all digital networks.

Front 29

DSL

Back 29

Collectively, the variations of DSL which include ADSL RADSL HDSL

Front 30

4g

Back 30

Wireless phone network capable of delivering high-speed broadband internet access to mobile devices.

Front 31

4g mobile hotspot

Back 31

A device that connects a wireless local area network to a wireless phone network to broadband speeds.

Front 32

internet protocol

Back 32

The data transmission standard for the internet. every computer connected to the internet has its own ip address, which enables a packet of data to be delivered to a specific computer

Front 33

Point to point protocol

Back 33

Protocol that allows the computer to connect to the internet over a phone line

Front 34

Point to point protocol over ethernet

Back 34

A protocol that implements PPP on top of the ethernet architecture to connect an entire network,

Front 35

Hypertext transfer protocol

Back 35

protocol for transferring HTML documents

Front 36

file transfer protocol

Back 36

an internet protocol used to transfer files between computers

Front 37

Simple mail transfer protocol

Back 37

the internet standard protocol for transferring e-mails

Front 38

post office protocol

Back 38

that resides on an incoming mail server

Front 39

Internet message access protocol

Back 39

a protocol that resides on an incoming mail server

Front 40

Usenet

Back 40

A collection of thousands of internet computers, news groups.

Front 41

newsgroup

Back 41

on usenet a subject or other topical interest group whose members exchange and share ideas

Front 42

Network news transfer protocol

Back 42

the internet protocol used by news servers that enables the exchange of newsgroup articles.

Front 43

Domain system name

Back 43

system that maps uniquely hierarchical names to specific internet addresses

Front 44

domain name

Back 44

IP address represented in words

Front 45

host

Back 45

computer that other computers can use to gain information.

Front 46

fully qualified domain name

Back 46

complete domain name

Front 47

root level server

Back 47

highest level server

Front 48

top level domain

Back 48

common topic groups are arranged to.

Front 49

domain name server

Back 49

server that resolves domain names into IP addresses.

Front 50

virtual domain

Back 50

hosting service that allows a company to host on third party ISP server

Front 51

shared domain

Back 51

hosting service that allows multiple entities to share portions of the same domain name.