Chapter 3 Of America, Land I Love: New Colonies 1620S-1730S

Front 1

what most colonies offered

Back 1

religious liberty and participation in local government

Front 2

King Charles I

Back 2

the English king who issued a charter for the formation of the Massachusetts Bay Company

Front 3

Massachusetts Bay Company

Back 3

a joint-stock company composed of Puritan businessmen

Front 4

John Winthrop

Back 4

Massachusetts' first governor

Front 5

1630

Back 5

Puritans arrive in Massachusetts Bay

Front 6

Boston

Back 6

the capital of Massachusetts

Front 7

"Great Migration"

Back 7

the migration of Purtians to the New World

Front 8

Harvard College

Back 8

the first institution of higher learning in America to prepare young men for the ministry

Front 9

Ole, Deluder Satan Act

Back 9

the law that required children to be able to read

Front 10

John Eliot

Back 10

the missionary who became known as the "Apostle to the Indians"; his folowers became known as "Praying Indians"

Front 11

Algonquin Bible

Back 11

the Bible written by John Eliot in the Algonquin tounge

Front 12

Thomas Mayhew

Back 12

a missionary to the Indians on the island of Martha's Vineyard

Front 13

Puritan worth ethic

Back 13

the belief that man is called to work, all work has a sense of nobility, and a Christian serves God best by working diligently and faithfully in his calling; became an important part of the American character

Front 14

Connecticut River Valley

Back 14

where Reverend Thomas Hooker and his Puritan congregation settled

Front 15

Thomas Hooker

Back 15

the reverend who with his Puritan congregation left Massachusetts and settled in the fertile Connecticut River Valley

Front 16

1636

Back 16

Thomas Hooker and his followers found Hartford, Connecticut; Roger Williams found Rhode Island and Providence

Front 17

Hartford

Back 17

th capital of Connecticut

Front 18

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

Back 18

the first written constitution in America

Front 19

Roger Williams

Back 19

the founder of Rhode Island and the first baptist church in America; he promoted political and religious freedom and insisted that civil government should not interfere in religious affairs

Front 20

Rhode Island

Back 20

the colony founded by Roger Williams

Front 21

Providence

Back 21

the capital of Rhode Island

Front 22

Bapitists

Back 22

many came to Rhode Island

Front 23

New Hampshire and Maine

Back 23

land granted to two Englishmen who failed in their attempts to settle the land and Massachusetts eventually took control of it

Front 24

New England Confederation

Back 24

the first voluntary American union; it's purpose was to provide defence against unfriendly Indians, against the Dutch in New Netherland, and against the French in the Great Lakes region; it set a precedent for voluntary union of the colonies

Front 25

King Philip's War

Back 25

the war between the Indians under King Philip and the New England Confederation

Front 26

Sir Edmund Andros

Back 26

the annoying guy who King James set over the New England colonies, as well as New York nd New Jersey, under the Dominion of New England

Front 27

Dominion of New England

Back 27

the short lived union of the colonies under Sir Edmond Andros

Front 28

Charter Oak

Back 28

the charter of Connecticut

Front 29

1688

Back 29

England's "Glorious Revoulution" occurs

Front 30

England's "Glorious Revolution"

Back 30

the revoulution that occured in England in 1688 when King James II fled and William and Mary, the Prince and Princess of Orange, became king and queen

Front 31

Henry Hudson

Back 31

the English explorer who sailed in the Half Moon into the New York Bay and claimed the land for the Netherlands

Front 32

Manhattan Island

Back 32

the island on which New Amsterdam was and which was bought from the Indians for $24

Front 33

Peter Minuit

Back 33

purchased Manhattan Island for the Dutch for $24

Front 34

New Netherland

Back 34

the Dutch colony made up of New Amsterdam, Fort Orange, and other settlements along the Connecticut and Delaware rivers

Front 35

patroon system

Back 35

the government system in New Netherland

Front 36

why so few settlers came to New Netherland

Back 36

because political freedom was limited in New Netherland

Front 37

Fort Christina

Back 37

the first successful settlement in New Sweden; named in honor of the young queen of Sweden; located near the present site of Wilmington, Deleware

Front 38

log cabin

Back 38

introduced to America by Swedish settlers

Front 39

proprietary colony

Back 39

a colony on a land grant which an English king made to a noble man; within certain limits, the proprietor could govern his colony as he pleased

Front 40

Peter Stuyvesant

Back 40

the feisty Dutch governor who insisted on putting up a fight rather than surrender New Netherland to the Duke of York

Front 41

James II

Back 41

the Duke of York

Front 42

Maryland

Back 42

the first successful proprietary colony; founded Cecilius Calvert as a colony for the English Catholics; had religious and political freedom

Front 43

George Calvert

Back 43

the first Lord Baltimore who was granted a large territory north of Potomac River; he died before the charter was issued but his son caried out the project of colonization

Front 44

Cecilius Calvert

Back 44

the second Lord Baltimore; colonised Maryland

Front 45

St. Mary's

Back 45

the first settlement in Maryland

Front 46

Leonard Calvert

Back 46

the first governor of St. Mary's

Front 47

Toleration Act

Back 47

the act granting freedom of worship to all who professed the name of Christ

Front 48

Charles Town

Back 48

present-day Charleston; the first settlement in the Carolinas

Front 49

Carolina

Back 49

the land south of Virgina which King Charles II granted to eight noblemen

Front 50

Albemarle district

Back 50

North Carolina

Front 51

Sir George Carteret and Lord John Berkely

Back 51

the two noblemen who were given New Netherland and renamed it New Jersey; to attract settlers, they offered land on easy terms and religious freedom

Front 52

religious groups in New Jersey

Back 52

many Baptists and Scottish Covenanters

Front 53

Society of Friends

Back 53

Quakers

Front 54

William Penn

Back 54

a Quaker who founded Pennsylvania as a haven for Quakers

Front 55

Philadelphia

Back 55

the "city of brotherly love"; offered religious freedom and offered a good degree of self-government; the largest city in the colonies

Front 56

"Pennsylvania Dutch"

Back 56

the Germans in Pennsylvania

Front 57

Delaware

Back 57

the strip of land along the lower Delaware River which Penn organized into a colony

Front 58

Georgia

Back 58

the last of the thirteen colonies to be setteled and was settled much later than its predecessors; the only colony that was not settled for profit but as a benevolent undertaking

Front 59

James Oglethorpe

Back 59

the founder of Georgia; he wanted to create a refuge where debtor prisoners could work and pay off their debts