Chapter #3 Micro

Front 1

What is the main structural feature that eukaryotic cells possess, but prokaryotic cell lack?

Back 1

nucleus

Front 2

What are the two types of prokaryotic organisms?

Back 2

bacteria and aarchaea

Front 3

What is the typical size range for eukaryotic cells?

Back 3

10um-100um

Front 4

3 characteristics of living things?

Back 4

responsiveness, growth, reproduction

Front 5

Which of these is only found in eukaryotes?

a. ribosomes
b.chromosomes
c. cell walls
d. endocytosis

Back 5

endocytosis

Front 6

What is the gelatinous, sticky substance that surrounds prokaryotic cells?

Back 6

glycocalyx

Front 7

What external structure of prokarytoic cells helps them adhere to each other and to substances in their enviroment?

Back 7

fimbria

Front 8

What is the name of the archaeal attachment structures that project from the surface of the cell and have ends that resemble a grappling hook?

Back 8

hami

Front 9

Which of the answers below best describes one of the functions of the bacterial cell wall?

Back 9

protection from osmotic forces

Front 10

Where can lipopolysaccharides be found?

Back 10

in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacterial cells

Front 11

which of the following is a function of the cytoplasmic membrane?

Back 11

to control the passage of substances into and out of the cell

Front 12

Active transport across the cytoplasmic membrane differs from facilitated diffusion in what respect?

Back 12

active transport is used to move materials against their electrochemical gradient

Front 13

True or false?
Endospores form in response to harsh environmental conditions

Back 13

true

Front 14

Which internal structures of prokaryotic cells is/are the target of many antibacterial drugs?

Back 14

ribosomes

Front 15

A bacterial cell, which has a cytoplasmic solute concentration equal to 0.85% NaCl is placed into a tube containing a solution that has a NaCl concentration of 0.2%. Into what type of solution has the cell been placed?

Back 15

hypotonic

Front 16

Which of these are in BOTH gram-negative and Gram-positive call walls?

Back 16

peptidogycan

Front 17

Which cell wall structure has the thickest peptidoglycan layer?

Back 17

gram-positive

Front 18

What is another name for LPS?

Back 18

endotoxin

Front 19

Lysozyme is an antibacterial enzyme in human tears that degrades peptidoglycan. Which type of organism would be most sensitive to lysozyme?

Back 19

gram-positive bacteria

Front 20

Mycoplasma have no cell wall, only membrane. What characteristic would you expect for these bacteria?

Back 20

sensitivity to osmotic lysis

Front 21

Which of the following statements best describes the ribosomes of eukaryotic cells?

Back 21

eukaryotic ribosomes are 80s

Front 22

Functions of cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells? (3 things)

Back 22

anchors organelles
gives the cell its basic shape
moves organelles within the cell

Front 23

What organelle is responsible for receiving, processing, and packaging large molecules that are destines to be secreted from the cell?

Back 23

golgi body

Front 24

What organelle is considered to be the "powerhouse" of the cell?

Back 24

mitochondrion

Front 25

What structure must eukaryotic cells have in order to harvest light energy during photosynthesis?

Back 25

chloroplasts

Front 26

What theory did Lynn Margulis propose as a way to explain the formation of eukaryotic cells?

Back 26

endosymbiotic theory