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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Flexible manufacturing systems (FMS)
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Highly automated batch processes that can reduce the cost of making groups of similar products
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Production line
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A type of manufacturing process used to produce a narrow range of standard items with identical or highly similar designs
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Product-based layout
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A type of layout where resources are arranged sequentially, according to the steps required to make a product. Equipment and people are highly specialized and arranged sequentially to the steps required to make a product or product family
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Cycle time
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For a line process, the actual time between completions of successive units on a product line
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Continuous flow process
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A type of manufacturing process that closely resembles a production line process. The main difference is the form of the product, which usually cannot be broken into discrete units
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Job shops
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A type of manufacturing process used to make a wide variety of highly customized products in quantities as small as one. Characterized by general-purpose equipment and workers who are broadly skilled
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Functional layout
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A type of layout where resources are physically grouped by function
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Batch manufacturing
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A type of manufacturing process where items are moved through the different manufacturing steps in groups, or batches
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Fixed-position layout
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A type of manufacturing process in which the position of the product is fixed. materials, equipment, and workers are transported to and from the product
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Hybrid manufacturing process
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A general term referring to a manufacturing process that seeks to combine the characteristics, and hence advantages, of more than one of the classic processes
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Machining center
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A type of manufacturing process that completes several manufacturing steps without removing an item from the process
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Group technology
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A type of manufacturing process that seeks to achieve the efficiencies of a line process in a batch environment by dedicating equipment and personnel to the manufacture of products with similar manufacturing characteristics
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Cellular layout
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A type of layout typically used in group technology settings in which resources are physically arranged according to the dominant flow of activity for the product family
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Product family
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In group technology, a set of products with very similar manufacturing requirements
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Make-to-stock (MTS) products
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Products that require no customization. they are typically genetic products and are produced in large enough volumes to justify keeping a finished goods inventory
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Assemble-to-order (ATO) or finish-to-order products
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Products that are customized only at the very end of the manufacturing process
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Make-to-order (MTO) products
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Products that use standard components but have customer-specific final configuration of those components
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Engineer-to-order (ETO) products
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Products that are designed and produced from the start to meet unusual customer needs or requirements. They represent the highest level of customization
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Upstream activities
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In the context of manufacturing customization, activities that occur prior to the point of customization
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Downstream activities
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In the context of manufacturing customization, activities that occur at or after the point of customization
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Law of variability
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According to Roger Schmenner and Morgan Swink, "The greater the random variability either demanded of the process or inherent in the process itself or in the items processed, the less productive the process is." This law is relevant to customization because completing upstream activities off-line helps isolate these activities from the variability caused by either the timing or the unique requirements of individual customers
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Service package
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A package that indicated all the value-added physical and intangible activities that a service organization provides to the customer
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Front room
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The physical or virtual point where the customer interfaces directly with the service organization
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Back room
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The part of a service operation that is completed without direct customer contact
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Takt time
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In a production line setting, the available production time divided by the required output rate. Sets the maximum allowable cycle time for a line
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