• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/26

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

26 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Federalism
A system of government in which power is divided, by a constitution, between a central government and regional governments

Unitary System

A centralized government system in which lower levels of government have little power independent of the national government

Expressed

Powers specific powers granted by the Constitution to Congress

implied powers

implied powers powers derived from the necessary and proper clause of Article I, Section 8, of the Constitution; such powers are not specifically expressed, but are implied through the expansive interpretation of delegated powers

necessary and proper clause

Article I, Section 8, of the Constitution, which provides Congress with the authority to make all laws “necessary and proper” to carry out its expressed powers

reserved powers

powers, derived from the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution, that are not specifically delegated to the national government or denied to the states

police power

power reserved to the state government to regulate the health, safety, and morals of its citizens

concurrent powers

authority possessed by both state and national governments, such as the power to levy taxes

full faith and credit clause

requiring that the states normally honor the public acts and judicial decisions that take place in another state

privileges and immunities

a state cannot discriminate against someone from another state or give its own residents special privileges

home rule

a guarantee of noninterference in various areas of local affairs

commerce clause

power “to regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several States and with the Indian tribes”

states’ rights

the principle that the states should oppose the increasing authority of the national government; this principle was most popular in the period before the Civil War

grants-in-aid

programs through which Congress provides money to state and local governments on the condition that the funds be employed for purposes defined by the federal government

categorical grants

congressional grants given to states and localities on the condition that expenditures be limited to a problem or group specified by law

project grants

grant programs in which state and local governments submit proposals to federal agencies and for which funding is provided on a competitive basis

formula grants

grants-in-aid in which a formula is used to determine the amount of federal funds a state or local government will receive

cooperative federalism

a type of federalism existing since the New Deal era in which grants-in-aid have been used strategically to encourage states and localities (without commanding them) to pursue nationally defined goals; also known as intergovernmental cooperation

regulated federalism

a form of federalism in which Congress imposes legislation on states and localities, requiring them to meet national standards

preemption

the principle that allows the national government to override state or local actions in certain policy areas; in foreign policy, the willingness to strike first in order to prevent an enemy attack

unfunded mandates

regulations or conditions for receiving grants that impose costs on state and local governments for which they are not reimbursed by the federal government

devolution

a policy to remove a program from one level of government by delegating it or passing it down to a lower level of government, such as from the national government to the state and local governments

block grants

federal grants-in-aid that allow states considerable discretion in how the funds are spent

New Federalism

attempts by presidents Nixon and Reagan to return power to the states through block grants

general revenue

sharing the process by which one unit of government yields a portion of its tax income to another unit of government, according to an established formula; revenue sharing typically involves the national government providing money to state governments

redistributive programs

economic policies designed to control the economy through taxing and spending, with the goal of benefiting the poor