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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Chromosome |
Thread like structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes. |
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DNA |
A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up chromosomes. |
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Genes |
The biochemical units of heredity that make up the chromosomes; a segment of DNA capable of synthesizing a protein. |
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Genome |
The complete instructions for making an organism, contains all of the genetic material in their chromosome. |
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Identical Twins |
Twins who develope from a single fertilized egg that's splits in two. |
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Fraternal Twins |
Twins who develop from seperate fertilized eggs. |
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Temperament |
A person's characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity. |
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Heritability |
The proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes. |
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Interaction |
The effect of one factor depends on another factor. |
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Molecular Genetics |
The subfeild of biology that studies the molecular structure and function of genes. |
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Evolutionary Psychology |
The study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection. |
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Mutation |
An random error in gene replication that leads to a change. |
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Culture |
The enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, vaules, and traditions shared by one group of people. |
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Norm |
An understood rule for accepted and expected behavior. |
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Personal Space |
The buffer zone we like to maintain around our bodies. |
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Individualism |
Giving priority to ones own goals over group goals and defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes. |
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Embryo |
The developing human organism from about 2 weeks after fertilization through the second month. |
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Fetus |
The developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birth. |
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Teratogens |
Agents such as chemicals and viruses that can reach the embryo or fetus prenatal development and cause harm. |
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Rooting reflex |
A baby's tendency to turn on the cheek to turn toward the touch open the mouth and search for the nipple |
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Habituation |
Decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation. |
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Maturation |
Biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior, relatively uninfluenced by experience. |
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Schema |
A concept or framework that organizes and interprets information |
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Sensorimotor |
Experiencing the world through senses and actions. Birth to nearly two years. |
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Pre-operational |
Represent things with words and images; use of intuitive rather than logical reasoning. 2 - 7 years old |
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Concrete operational |
Thinking logically about concrete events, grasping concrete analogies and performing arithmetic operations. 7 - 11 years old |
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Formal operational |
Abstract reasoning 12 years old - adulthood |
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Assimilation |
Interpreting one new experience in terms of existing schemas |
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Accommodation |
Adapting one current understanding to incorporate new information |
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Cognition |
All mental activities associated with thinking knowing remembering and communicating |
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Object permanence |
The awareness that things continue to exist even when not perceive |
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Conservation |
The principle that properties such Mass volume and number remain the same despite changes in the form of objects. |
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Egocentrism |
the pre-operational child's difficulty to another point of view. |
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Theory of mind |
People's ideas about their own and others mental States about their feelings and thoughts and behaviors theses might predict. |
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Autism |
Disorders that appears in childhood and is marked by deficient communication, social interaction, and understanding of others state of mind |
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Stranger anxiety |
The fear of strangers that infants can commonly display beginning by about 8 months of age. |
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Attachment |
And emotional ties with another person shown in young children by their seeking their caregiver and showing on distress separation |
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Critical periods |
An optimal period shortly after birth when an organism's exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces proper development. |
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Imprinting |
The process by which certain animals form attachments during a critical period very early in life. |
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Basic Trust |
A sense that the world is predictable and trustworthy tend to form during infancy by appropriate experiences with responsive caregivers. |
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Self concept |
A sense of one's identity and personal worth |
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Adolescence |
The transition period from childhood to adulthood extending from puberty to Independence |
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Puberty |
The period of sexual maturation during which a person becomes capable of reproducing. |
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Preconventional morality |
They obey either to avoid punishment or to gain concrete Rewards |
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Conventional morality |
By early adolesence usually the more conventional level that cares for others and uphold law and social rules simply because there are laws and rules |
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Postconventional morality |
Basic ethical principles |
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Identity |
One's sense of self |
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Intimacy |
The ability to form close loving relationships a primary developmental task in late adolescence and early adulthood |
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Alzheimer's disease |
A progressive and irreversible brain disorder characterized by gradual deterioration of memory reasoning language and finally physical functioning |
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Cross- sectional study |
Study in which people of different ages are compared with one another |
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Longitudinal study |
Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period |
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Crystallized intelligence |
One accumulated knowledge and verbal skills tend to increase with age |
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Fluid intelligence |
Once ability to reason speedily and abstractly tend to decrease during late adulthood |
