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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What makes a molecule organic? |
There is carbon inside it. |
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Why is carbon so good at forming compounds? |
It has 4 valence electrons to form covalent bonds with. |
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What is a monomer? |
Simple organic molecules that exist individually. |
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Another name for carbohydrates? |
Sugar |
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What are the monomers or carbohydrates? |
Carbon rings monosacarides. |
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Monosaccharide |
Ex. Glucose, ribose, and Deoxyribose. One carbon ring. |
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Disaccharide |
Ex. Maltose, sucrose, and lactose. Contains two monosaccharides joined by the dehydration reaction. (Water is removed) |
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Polysaccharide |
More than 2 carbon rings. |
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3 most important monosaccharides in living organisms |
Glucose, ribose, and deoxyribose. |
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4 different forms of polysaccharides |
1. Starch 2. Glycogen 3. Cellulose 4. Chitin |
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Starch |
The storage from glucose in plants, may contain up to 4,000 glucose units. |
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Glycogen |
How animals store glucose, stored in your liver. |
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Cellulose |
Found in the cell walls of plants, there to protect the cell. |
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Chitin |
Found in exoskeletons of crabs. |
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Fats |
From animals and solid at room temp. |
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Oils |
From plants and liquid at room temp. |
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Monomers that make fats and oils lipids. |
Glycerol and fatty acids. |
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Triglycerides |
Another name for a fat, glycerol back bone, and 3 fatty acids. |
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Phospholipids |
Phosphate head and two tails. |
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Steroids |
Four carbon rings connected. |
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What makes a compound a fatty acid? |
It has COOH at the end of it. |
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Saturated |
Maximum # of bonds that can be made. |
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Unsaturated |
At least one double bond. |
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Cis |
Same side hydrogens. |
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Trans |
Hydrogens on different sides. |
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Basic structure of phospholipid. |
Phosphate group and two fatty acid tails. |
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Where are phospholipids found in cells? |
Cell membrane. |
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Steroids |
Four carbon rings that are put together. Ex. Cholesterol, testosterone, estrogen. |
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What bonds hold monomer proteins together. |
Peptide bonds. |
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3 structural components of an amino acid. |
Acidic group, amino group, and the R group. |
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Enzymes |
Speed up chemical reactions |
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Hormones |
Chemical messengers |
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Actin and myosin |
Move cells and muscles. |
