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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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every atom has the same basic structurem, what is this structure.
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Protons and neutrons surrounded by a cloud of electrons
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Three things.
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what kind of charges do neutrons and protons carry?
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Neutrons have no electrical charge. Protons have a positive electric charge and electrons have a negative charge.
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what is a neutral atom?
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a neutral atom is an atom that carries no electrical charge because there is an orbiting electron gor every proton in the neucleus. The electrons negative charge balances the protons positive charge, they baance each other out.
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has to do with positive and negative charges canceling each other out.
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atomic number
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the number of protons in the nucleus.
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atomic mass
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the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
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daltons
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the unit of measure of atoms and subatomic particles.
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when atoms with the same atomic number( number of protons) have the same atomic mass they are said to belong to the same_________.
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element.
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what is an element?
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any substance that cannot be broken down into any other substance by ordinary chemical means.
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what are electrons?
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electrons:
1. have very little mass. 2. electrons determine the chemical behavior of atoms . 3. electrons carry energy. |
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Why do electrons determine the chemical behavior of atoms?
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because they are the parts of atoms that come close enough in nature to interact.
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electrons carry _
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energy
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What is energy?
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The ability to do work.
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How do electrons carry energy?
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electrons are negatively charged and are attracted to the positively charged nucleus. Each repels the charges of each other. It takes work to keep the electrons in orbit away from the nucleus.
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an electron needs an input of energy to be moved further away from the nucleus and this input of energy is called what?
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potential energy.
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What happens to the energy of an electron when it is moved toward the nucleus?
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It loses energy, and the electron has less potential energy.
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What is the orbital of an electron?
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The volume of space around a nucleus where an electron is most likely to be found.
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what is an ion?
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an ion is an atom that as gained or lost an electron in it's outer shell and the electron number does not equal the proton number in the nucleus. The ion is electrically charged.
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What is a molecule?
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a grop of atoms held together by energy . The energy acts as a glue ensuring that the atoms stick together.
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what is a chemical bond?
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The energy of force holding atoms together.
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How many principle bonds are there? Name them.
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three principle bonds.covalent, Ionic, hydrogen
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