Chapter 3

Front 1

cutane

Back 1

skin

Front 2

cutaneous

Back 2

pertaining to the skin

Front 3

lesion

Back 3

wound, injury or pathological change in body tissue

Front 4

systemic

Back 4

Pertaining to a system or the whole body rather than a localized area

Front 5

therapeut

Back 5

treatment

Front 6

therapeutic

Back 6

pertaining to treating, remediating, or curing a disorder or disease

Front 7

dermatologists

Back 7

Physicians who specialize in treating integumentary disorders, and focus on disease of the skin and the relationship of a cutaneous lesion to a systemic disease.

Front 8

integument

Back 8

skin, derived from the Latin word integumentum which means covering.

Front 9

epidermis

Back 9

the outer layer of the skin, forms the protective covering of the body. It is the thinnest on the eyelids and thickest on the palms of the hands. The epidermis is also the nonsensitive layer of the skin and has neither a blood supply nor a nerve supply (avascular). It is dependent on the dermis' network of capillaries for nourishment.

Front 10

dermis

Back 10

the inner layer of the skin, is rich with blood vessels (vascular), nerve endings, sebaceous (oil) and sudoriferous (sweat) glands, and hair follicles. The subcutaneous tissue, which lies just beneath the dermis, binds the dermis to underlying structures. The main functions of the subcutaneous tissue are to protect the tissues and organs underneath it and to prevent heat loss.

Front 11

adip/o

Back 11

fat

Front 12

-cele

Back 12

hernia, swelling

Front 13

adip/o/cele (adipocele)

Back 13

hernia containing fat or fatty tissue

Front 14

lip/o

Back 14

fat

Front 15

steat/o

Back 15

fat

Front 16

-oma

Back 16

tumor

Front 17

cutane/o

Back 17

skin

Front 18

sub-

Back 18

under, below

Front 19

dermat/o

Back 19

skin

Front 20

-logist

Back 20

specialist in the study of

Front 21

dermatologist

Back 21

specialist in the study of the integumentary system (skin)

Front 22

derm/o

Back 22

skin

Front 23

hypo-

Back 23

under, below, deficient

Front 24

cyan/o

Back 24

blue

Front 25

-osis

Back 25

abnormal condition; increase (used primarily with blood cells)

Front 26

erythem/o

Back 26

red

Front 27

-a

Back 27

noun ending

Front 28

erythemat/o

Back 28

red

Front 29

erythr/o

Back 29

red

Front 30

hidr/o

Back 30

sweat

Front 31

sudor/o

Back 31

sweat

Front 32

ichthy/o

Back 32

dry, scaly

Front 33

kerat/o

Back 33

horny tissue; hard; cornea

Front 34

melan/o

Back 34

black

Front 35

myc/o

Back 35

fungus (pluarl, fungi)

Front 36

onych/o

Back 36

nail

Front 37

-malacia

Back 37

softening

Front 38

pil/o

Back 38

hair

Front 39

nid

Back 39

nest

Front 40

trich/o

Back 40

hair

Front 41

scler/o

Back 41

hardening; sclera (white of eye)

Front 42

-derma

Back 42

skin

Front 43

seb/o

Back 43

sebum, sebaceous

Front 44

-rrhea

Back 44

discharge, flow

Front 45

squam/o

Back 45

scale

Front 46

therm/o

Back 46

heat

Front 47

xer/o

Back 47

dry

Front 48

-phoresis

Back 48

carrying, transmission

Front 49

-plasty

Back 49

surgical repair

Front 50

-therapy

Back 50

treatment

Front 51

cry/o

Back 51

cold

Front 52

-graft

Back 52

transplantation

Front 53

-oid

Back 53

resembling

Front 54

abrasion

Back 54

scraping or rubbing away of a surface, such as skin, by friction

Front 55

abscess

Back 55

localized collection of pus at the site of an infection (characteristically a staphylococcal infection)

Front 56

furuncle

Back 56

abscess that originates in a hair follicle; also called boil

Front 57

carbuncle

Back 57

cluster of furuncles in the subcutaneous tissue (Fig. 3-1)

Front 58

acne

Back 58

Inflammatory disease of sebaceous follicles of the skin, marked by comedos (blackheads), papules, and pusutles (small skin lesions filled with purulent material. (Fig. 3-2)

Front 59

alopecia (baldness)

Back 59

Absence or loss of hair, especially of the head

Front 60

burn

Back 60

tissue injury caused by contact with a thermal, chemical, electrical, or radioactive agent

Front 61

first-degree (superficial)

Back 61

Mild burn affecting the epidermis and characterized by redness and pain with no blistering or scar formation.

Front 62

second-degree (partial thickness)

Back 62

Burn affecting the epidermis and part of the dermis and characterized by redness, blistering or large bullae, and pain with little or no scarring. (Fig. 3-3)

Front 63

third-degree (full thickness)

Back 63

Severe burn characterized by destruction of the epidermis and dermis with damage to the subcutaneous layer, leaving the skin charred black or dry white in appearance with insensitivity to touch.

Front 64

carcinoma

Back 64

uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body; also called malignant cells.

Front 65

melan

Back 65

black

Front 66

melanoma

Back 66

malignant tumor that originates in melanocytes and is considered the most dangerous type of skin cancer, which, if not treated early, becomes difficult to cure and can be fatal.

Front 67

comedo (blackhead)

Back 67

discolored, dried sebum plugging an excretory duct of the skin

Front 68

cyst

Back 68

closed sac or pouch in or under the skin with a definite wall that contains fluid, semifluid, or solid material.

Front 69

pilonidal

Back 69

growth of hair in a dermoid cyst or in a sinus opening on the skin

Front 70

sebaceous

Back 70

cyst filled with sebum (fatty material) from a sebaceous gland

Front 71

eczema

Back 71

redness of skin caused by swelling of the capillaries (Fig. 3-4)

Front 72

gangrene

Back 72

death of tissue, usually resulting from loss of blood supply

Front 73

hem/o

Back 73

blood

Front 74

-rrhage

Back 74

bursting forth (of)

Front 75

hemorrhage

Back 75

external or internal loss of a large amount of blood in a short period

Front 76

contusion

Back 76

hemorrhage of any size under the skin in which the skin is not broken; also known as a bruise

Front 77

ecchymosis (bruise)

Back 77

Skin discoloration consisting of a large, irregularly formed hemorrhagic area with colors changing from blue-black to greenish brown or yellow. (Fig. 3-5)

Front 78

petechia

Back 78

minute, pinpoint hemorrhagic spot of the skin that is a smaller version of an ecchymosis

Front 79

hemat

Back 79

blood

Front 80

hematoma

Back 80

Elevated, localized collection of blood trapped under the skint hat usually results from trauma

Front 81

hirsutism

Back 81

Excessive growth of hair in unusual places, especially in women; may be due to hypersecretion of testosterone

Front 82

ichthy/o

Back 82

dry, scaly

Front 83

icthyosis

Back 83

Genetic skin disorder in which the skin is dry and scaly, resembling fish skin because of a defect in keratinization. (Fig. 3-6)

Front 84

impetigo

Back 84

Bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture.

Front 85

keloid

Back 85

overgrowth of scar tissue at the site of a skin injury (especially a wound, surgical incision, or severe burn) caused by excessive collagen formation during the healing process.

Front 86

psoriasis

Back 86

Chronic skin disease characterized by itchy red patches covered with silvery scales (Fig. 3-7)

Front 87

scabies

Back 87

contagious skin disease transmitted by the itch mite

Front 88

skin lesions

Back 88

areas of pathologically altered tissues caused by disease, injury, or a wound resulting from external factors or internal disease

Front 89

tinea (ringworm)

Back 89

Fungal infection whose name commonly indicates the body part affected, such as tinea peids (athlete's foot).

Front 90

Ulcer

Back 90

lesion of the skin or mucous membranes marked by inflammation, necrosis, and sloughing of damaged tissues

Front 91

pressure ulcer (decubitus ulcer or bedsore)

Back 91

Skin ulceration caused by prolonged pressure, usually in a patient who is bedridden (Fig. 3-8)

Front 92

uticaria (wheals or hives)

Back 92

allergic reaction of the skin characterized by eruption of pale red elevated patches that are intensely itchy (Fig. 3-9)

Front 93

verruca (wart)

Back 93

rounded epidermal growth caused by a virus

Front 94

vesicle

Back 94

small blister-like elevation on the skin containing a clear fluid

Front 95

bullae

Back 95

large vesicles (singular, bulla)

Front 96

vitiligo (leukoderma)

Back 96

localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk-white patches (Fig. 3-10)

Front 97

wheal

Back 97

smooth, slightly elevated skin that is white in the center with a pale red periphery. Referred to as hives if itchy

Front 98

biopsy (bx)

Back 98

removal of a small piece of living tissue from an organ or other part of the body for microscopic examination to confirm or establish a diagnosis, estimate prognosis, or follow the course of a disease

Front 99

bi

Back 99

life

Front 100

-opsy

Back 100

view of

Front 101

skin test

Back 101

any test in which a suspected allergen or sensitizer is applied to or injected into the skin to determine the patient's sensitivity to it (Fig. 3-11)

Front 102

cry/o

Back 102

cold

Front 103

cryosurgery

Back 103

use of subfreezing temperature, commonly with liquid nitrogen, to destroy abnormal tissue cells, such as unwanted, cancerous, or infected tissue

Front 104

debridement

Back 104

Removal of foreign material, damaged tissue, or cellular debris from a wound or burn to prevent infection and promote healing

Front 105

fulguration (electrodesiccation)

Back 105

tissue destruction by means of high-frequency electrical current

Front 106

incision and drainage (I&D)

Back 106

Incision of a lesion, such as an abscess, followed by the drainage of its contents

Front 107

Mohs surgery

Back 107

surgical procedure used primarily to treat skin neoplasms in which tumor tissue fixed in place is removed layer by layer for microscopic examination until the entire tumor is removed

Front 108

skin graft

Back 108

surgical procedure to transplant healthy tissue by applying it to an injured site

Front 109

allo-

Back 109

other, differing from normal

Front 110

allograft (homograft)

Back 110

transplantation of healthy tissue from one person to another person

Front 111

auto-

Back 111

self, own

Front 112

autograft

Back 112

transplantation of healthy tissue from one site to another site in the same individual

Front 113

synthetic

Back 113

transplantation of artificial skin produced from collagen fibers arranged in a lattice pattern

Front 114

xen/o

Back 114

foreign, strange

Front 115

xenograft (heterograft)

Back 115

transplantation (dermis only) from a foreign donor (usually a pig) and transferred to a human

Front 116

skin resurfacing

Back 116

procedure that repairs damaged skin, acne scars, fine or deep wrinkles, or tattoos or improves skin tone irregularities through the use of topical chemicals, abrasion, or laser.

Front 117

chemical peel (chemabrasion)

Back 117

use of chemicals to remove outer layers of skin to treat acne scarring and general keratoses as well as for cosmetic purposes to remove find wrinkles on the face

Front 118

cutaneous laser

Back 118

any of several laser treatments employed for cosmetic and plastic surgery

Front 119

dermabrasion

Back 119

removal of acne scars, nevi, tattoos, or fine wrinkles on the skin through the use of sandpaper, wire brushes, or other abrasive materials on the epidermal layer

Front 120

antibiotics

Back 120

kill bacteria that cause skin infections

Front 121

antifungals

Back 121

kill fungi that infect the skin

Front 122

antipruritics

Back 122

reduce severe itching

Front 123

corticosteroids

Back 123

anti-inflammatory agents that treat skin inflammation

Front 124

BCC

Back 124

basal cell carcinoma

Front 125

Bx, bx

Back 125

biopsy

Front 126

DM

Back 126

diabetes mellitus

Front 127

FH

Back 127

family history

Front 128

I&D

Back 128

incision and drainage; irrigation and debridement

Front 129

PE

Back 129

physical examination; pulmonary embolism; pressure equalizing (tube)

Front 130

SCC

Back 130

squamous cell carcinoma

Front 131

UV

Back 131

ultraviolet