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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How were women treated in classical India?
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as inferior to men, almost to posessions
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Who introduced to India contacts with Hellenistic culture?
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Alexander the Great
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What seperates India from the rest of Asia?
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the Himalayas
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What were the two important rivers of India?
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Indus
Ganges |
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What is the main climate type of India?
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semitropical
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What summer climate phenomenon is crucial for farming?
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monsoon rains
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What are Aryans?
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Indo-European migrants
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What are the formative periods of India called?
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Vedic and Epic ages
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What was the first literary language of India?
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Sanskrit
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What are the Vedas?
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Sacred books that contain India's preclassical history
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What does "veda" mean in Sanskrit?
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knowledge
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What is the Mahabharata?
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India's greatest epic poem
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What are the Upanishads?
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epic poems with a more mystical religious flavor
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What are varnas?
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Aryan social classes
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What are the Kshatriyas?
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Warrior or Governing class
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When did the Gupta empire last?
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319 - 535
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Who overturned the Gupta Empire?
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the Huns
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Which rulers unified most of India?
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Mauryan dynasty
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Who was the first of the Mauryan dynasty?
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Chandragupta Maurya
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What was Ashoka's ultimate religion?
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Buddhism
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What is dharma?
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law of moral consequences
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Who is Ashoka?
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the third ruler of the Mauryan dynasty
Chandragupta's grandson |
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What hurt Buddhism's popularity in India?
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The foreign ruler Kanishka converted to Buddhism, thus assosciating Buddhism with foreign rule.
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Who succeeded the Mauryan for rule of India?
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the Kushan invaders
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When did the Kushan state collapse?
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220 CE
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What succeeded the Kushans?
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a century of political instability
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What became the language of educated people under the Guptas?
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Sanskrit
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Who was Kautilya?
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Chandragupta's chief minister
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What did Kautilya write?
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a treatise on politics that told rulers what methods would work to maintain power
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What was early hinduism called?
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brahmanism
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What is a guru?
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A mystic who gathers disciples
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What is a brahma?
(NOT brahman) |
the basic holy essence that forms everything in this world
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Who is Vishnu
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a god, the preserver
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Who is Shiva?
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a god, the destroyer
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What is reincarnation?
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the idea that souls do not die when bodies do, but pass into other beings
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What does "yoga" mean?
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union
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Who was Siddhartha Gautama?
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an Indian prince who ultimately became the Buddha
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What is nirvana?
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a world beyond existance itself
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What isd the Kamasutra
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a manaual on the "laws of love"
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Name some stories in the Panchatantra.
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Sinbad the Sailor
Jack the Giant Killer Seven League Boots |
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Where was the university center?
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Nalanda (in Maghda, south of the Ganges)
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What are stupas?
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shrines to Buddha
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What is the water body to the west of India?
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the Arabian Sea
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What is the water body to the east of India?
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The Bay of Bengal
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What is Celon known as today?
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Sri Lanka
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