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23 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Petroleum
Oil
Strip mining
The
mining or removing
of coal close to the
earth's surface. It is
done mainly with
the use of large
pieces of machinery
such as mechanicai
shovels and bulldozers.
Also called
surface mining.
Subbituminous
coal
Coal that contains
greater energy
content per volume
than lignite and is
frequently used as
an industrial fuel,
for space heating,
and for the generation
of electricity.
This coal is dull
black in color and
is categorized as a
"soft" coal.
Tar sand
A source
of crude oii. The
sand is mined and
mixed with hot
water or steam to
extract the thick oil
known as bitumen.
Therm
The equivalent
of 100 cf (cubic
feet) of natural gas.
Antlracite coal:
Coal that is hard
and brittle. It
appears shiny on
the surface and has
a high carbon content.
Because it
burns cleaner than
other forms of coal,
it is often used for
home heating. It
does not have as
much energy content
per volume as
bituminous coal.
Aquifer
An underground
rock formation
that acts as a
reservoir for large
quantities of water.
It is used to store
gas from pipelines.
Bag filter
A device
that works like a
bag on a vacuum
cleanel, trapping
all solid particles in
the waste stream
prior to the hot
waste gases exiting
through the smokestack
of a power
plant.
Bihnninous coal
Coal with a high
carbon content. It
is denser and
blacker than most
other forms of coal.
This type of coal is
principally used
for the production
of electricity.
Crude oil
Oil in its
natural state.
Deep mining
A
mining operation
that uses shafts and
special machinery
to remove the coal
from deep below
the earth's surface.
Electrostatic
precipitator:
A
device that works
by positively charging
waste particles
and attracting them
to a negatively
charged electrode.
The solid particles
are then washed
off the electrode
and collected.
Enaironmental
Protection Agency
An organizahon
that supports
the monitoring of
acid rain in the
United States.
Fly ash
Asolid
waste by-product
produced by
burning coal.
Fractionating
tower:
A large
tower in which
crude oil is
separated into
various products.
Kerogen
An oily
substance contained
by 40-50
million-year-old
sedimentary rock.
Land reclamation
the restoration of land to a usable condition after strip mining has taken place
Lignite coal
Atype
of coal containing
some woody
decomposition that
can be recognized
as peat, but it has a
higher energy content
than peat. It
contains a large
amount of moisfure
and is brownish in
colo4 as opposed to
the black substance
typically recognized
as coal.
Liquefied natural
gas (LNG):
gas that has been
placed under
pressure at very
low temperatures,
allowing transportation
by railroad
tankers, truck
tankers, and ships
Natural gas
gas usually found within the vincinty of pertroleum reserves
Oil shale
40-50
million-year-old
sedimentary rock
containing an oily
substance.
overburden
when strip mining the soil remaining after the
topsoil is removed.
Peat
The first step
in the formation of
coal. It is formed
from water and the
decomposition of
organic materials.