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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Petroleum
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Oil
|
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Strip mining
|
The
mining or removing of coal close to the earth's surface. It is done mainly with the use of large pieces of machinery such as mechanicai shovels and bulldozers. Also called surface mining. |
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Subbituminous
coal |
Coal that contains
greater energy content per volume than lignite and is frequently used as an industrial fuel, for space heating, and for the generation of electricity. This coal is dull black in color and is categorized as a "soft" coal. |
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Tar sand
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A source
of crude oii. The sand is mined and mixed with hot water or steam to extract the thick oil known as bitumen. |
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Therm
|
The equivalent
of 100 cf (cubic feet) of natural gas. |
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Antlracite coal:
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Coal that is hard
and brittle. It appears shiny on the surface and has a high carbon content. Because it burns cleaner than other forms of coal, it is often used for home heating. It does not have as much energy content per volume as bituminous coal. |
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Aquifer
|
An underground
rock formation that acts as a reservoir for large quantities of water. It is used to store gas from pipelines. |
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Bag filter
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A device
that works like a bag on a vacuum cleanel, trapping all solid particles in the waste stream prior to the hot waste gases exiting through the smokestack of a power plant. |
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Bihnninous coal
|
Coal with a high
carbon content. It is denser and blacker than most other forms of coal. This type of coal is principally used for the production of electricity. |
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Crude oil
|
Oil in its
natural state. |
|
Deep mining
|
A
mining operation that uses shafts and special machinery to remove the coal from deep below the earth's surface. |
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Electrostatic
precipitator: |
A
device that works by positively charging waste particles and attracting them to a negatively charged electrode. The solid particles are then washed off the electrode and collected. |
|
Enaironmental
Protection Agency |
An organizahon
that supports the monitoring of acid rain in the United States. |
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Fly ash
|
Asolid
waste by-product produced by burning coal. |
|
Fractionating
tower: |
A large
tower in which crude oil is separated into various products. |
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Kerogen
|
An oily
substance contained by 40-50 million-year-old sedimentary rock. |
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Land reclamation
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the restoration of land to a usable condition after strip mining has taken place
|
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Lignite coal
|
Atype
of coal containing some woody decomposition that can be recognized as peat, but it has a higher energy content than peat. It contains a large amount of moisfure and is brownish in colo4 as opposed to the black substance typically recognized as coal. |
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Liquefied natural
gas (LNG): |
gas that has been
placed under pressure at very low temperatures, allowing transportation by railroad tankers, truck tankers, and ships |
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Natural gas
|
gas usually found within the vincinty of pertroleum reserves
|
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Oil shale
|
40-50
million-year-old sedimentary rock containing an oily substance. |
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overburden
|
when strip mining the soil remaining after the
topsoil is removed. |
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Peat
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The first step
in the formation of coal. It is formed from water and the decomposition of organic materials. |