Chapter 28 - Alterations Of Hematologic Function In Children

Front 1

Where does erythropoiesis take place in the fetus

Back 1

first in the yolk sac, then in the liver, and some in the spleen - by the 5th month of gestation it begins to move to the bone marrow

Front 2

Fetal hemoglobin

Back 2

has more affinity to oxygen than adult hemoglobin so the fetal blood is able to grab oxygen off of maternal hemoglobin as it goes through the placenta

Front 3

The fetus and neonate have an increased number

Back 3

of RBC's - their breakdown after birth releases hemoglobin which converts to bilirubin - sometimes at a rate too fast for the liver to conjugate into water-soluble "direct" bilirubin that can be excreted in the urine - this can result in jaundice and sometimes kernicterus

Front 4

Hemolytic disease of the newborn

Back 4

results in an incompatibility between the maternal and fetal blood which involves differences in Rh factors and sometimes ABO blood type - maternal antibodies cross the placenta and hemolyse fetal erythrocytes

Front 5

Sickle cell anemia and thalassemia

Back 5

can come from an inherited abnormality of hemoglobin structure

Front 6

G6PD deficiency and hereditary spherocytosis

Back 6

are other inherited abnormalities

Front 7

At birth the lymphocyte count

Back 7

is naturally high

Front 8

Childhood leukemia

Back 8

is probably the result of multiple interactions between hereditary predisposition and environmental factors