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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Potsdam Conference
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Created an agreement that Russia be treated as an economic unit.
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Iron Curtain
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Referring to the boundary in Europe that divided Soviet-dominated eastern and central Europe from western Europe. Coined by Churchill.
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NATO
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North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Grew out of European fears of Russian military aggression.
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1948 Election
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Truman (dem) vs Dewey (rep). Truman won by about 2 million votes. Truman won with his aggressive campaign tactics and the republicans failure to question Truman's conduct during the war.
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Douglas MacArthur
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American General fighting in Korea. He stabilized the 38th parallel but was forced to return home by Truman.
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Self Determination
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The principle in international law, that nations have the right to freely choose their sovereignty and international political status with no external compulsion or external interference.
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Lend Lease Aid
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Not used during post war reconstruction as instructed by congress in 1945.
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Taft Hartley Act
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Designed to correct the imbalance in labor-management relations created by the Wagner Act. Outlawed specific labor union activities, included closed shop, and secondary boycotts.
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McCarthyism - Joseph McCarthy
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In 1950, Senator Joseph R. McCarthy began a sensational campaign against communists in government that led to more than four years of charges and counter charges, ending when the Senate censured him in 1954. McCarthyism became the contemporary name for the red scare of the 1950s.
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Adlai Stevenson
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Ran for president in 1952 and 1956, defeated by Eisenhower both times.
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CIA
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Started to coordinate the intelligence gathering activities of various government agencies. Created under National Securities Act.
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Sputnik
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The first artificial satellite to orbit the earth. Launched by the Soviet Union in 1957. Encouraged Eisenhower to increase defense spending and accelerate America's space program in fear that the soviets were ahead both spatially and militarily. Created the ICBM's.
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Francis Gary Powers
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Piloted an American U-2 plane which was shot down by the Soviets.
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ICBM's
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Intercontinental ballistic missiles. Started being developed after the Soviets launched sputnik.
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Bernard Baruch
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Baruch Plan- in 1946 he presented an American plan to control and eventually outlaw nuclear weapons. The plan called for United Nations control of nuclear weapons in three stages before the US gave up its stockpile. Soviet insistence on immediate nuclear disarmament without inspection doomed the Baruch plan and led to a nuclear arms race between the US and the Soviet Union.
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George Marshall
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An American military leader. Came up with the Marshall plan to offer extensive aid to all nations of Europe if they could agree on a way to revive the economy and provide for free institutions.
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Dean Acheson
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An American statesman and lawyer. As United States Secretary of State in the administration of President Harry S. Truman from 1949 to 1953, he played a central role in defining American foreign policy during the Cold War.
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George kennan
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An American explorer noted for his travels in the Kamchatka and Caucasus regions of Russia.
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Andrei Gromyko
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A Soviet statesman from the beginning to the end of the Cold War. He served as Minister of Foreign Affairs of the USSR from 1957 to 1985, and as Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, from 1985 to 1987.
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Chaing Kai-Sheik
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Political and military leader of 20th century China.
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Mao Tse-Tung
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Mao Zedong- A Han Chinese revolutionary, political theorist and communist leader. He led the People's Republic of China (PRC) from its establishment in 1949 until his death in 1976.
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Ho Chi Minh
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A Vietnamese Marxist revolutionary leader who was prime minister (1946–1955) and president (1945–1969) of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam)
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Vietminh
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A national independence movement founded in South China on May 19, 1941. The Việt Minh initially formed to seek independence for Vietnam from the French Empire. When the Japanese occupation began, the Việt Minh opposed Japan with support from the United States and the Republic of China.
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Nikita Khrushchev
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Led the Soviet Union during part of the Cold War.
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NSC - 68
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National Security Council planning paper #68 redefined American's national defense policy. Adopted in 1950, it committed the US to a massive military buildup to meet the challenge posed by the Soviet Union.
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National Security Council
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Planned the NSC-68.
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National Security Act 1947
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Realigned and reorganized the U.S. Armed Forces, foreign policy, and Intelligence Community apparatus in the aftermath of World War II.
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Containment
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First proposed by George Kennan in 1947, containment became the basic strategy of the US throughout the Cold War. Kennan argues that firm American resistance to Soviet expansion would eventually compel Moscow to adopt more peaceful policies.
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Marshall Plan
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A plan to offer extensive aid to all nations of Europe if they could agree on a way to revive the economy and provide for free institutions.
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Suez Crisis
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A war fought by Britain, France, and Israel against Egypt beginning on 29 October 1956.
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Gamal Nasser
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The second President of Egypt from 1956 until his death.He led the Egyptian Revolution of 1952 which overthrew the monarchy of Egypt and Sudan, and heralded a new period of modernization, and socialist reform in Egypt together with a profound advancement of pan-Arab nationalism, including a short-lived union with Syria.
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Alger Hiss
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An American lawyer, civil servant, businessman, author, and lecturer. He was involved in the establishment of the United Nations both as a U.S. State Department and UN official. Hiss was accused of being a Soviet spy in 1948 and convicted of perjury in connection with this charge in 1950.
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Truman Doctrine
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In 1947, President Truman asked congress for money to aid the Greek and Turkish governments that were then threatened by communist rebels. Arguing for the appropriations, Truman asserted his doctrine that the US was committed to support free people everywhere who were resisting subjugation by communist attack or rebellion.
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Berlin Airlift
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In 1948, in response to a Soviet land blockade of Berlin, the US carried out a massive effort to supply the two million Berlin citizens with food, fuel, and other goods by air for more than six months. The airlift forced the Soviets to end the blockade in 1949.
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Kim I1- Sung
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A Korean communist, and later Juche, politician who led North Korea from its founding in 1948 until his death in 1994. He held the posts of Prime Minister from 1948 to 1972 and President from 1972 to his death. He was also the General Secretary of the Workers Party of Korea.
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38th Parallel
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Is a circle of latitude that is 38 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Europe, the Mediterranean Sea, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America, and the Atlantic Ocean. The 38th parallel north has been especially important in the recent history of Korea.
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Ethel and Julius Rosenberg
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American communists who were executed in 1953 for conspiracy to commit espionage. The charges related to passing information about the atomic bomb to the Soviet Union. This was the first execution of civilians for espionage in United States history.
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Klaus Fuchs
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A German theoretical physicist and atomic spy who in 1950 was convicted of supplying information from the American, British and Canadian atomic bomb research (the Manhattan Project) to the USSR during and shortly after World War II.
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Election of 1952
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Republican- Dwight D. Eisenhower, 442 electoral vote.
Democrat- Adlai Stevenson, 89 electoral vote. |
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Military Industrial Complex
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A concept commonly used to refer to policy relationships between governments, national armed forces, and the industrial sector that supports them.
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Council of Economic Advisers
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A group of three economists who advise the President of the United States on economic policy.
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John Foster Dulles
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Served as U.S. Secretary of State under President Dwight D. Eisenhower from 1953 to 1959.
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