Chapter 27 Flashcards

Front 1

Kellog-Braind Treaty

Back 1

-Also called the Pact of Paris, this 1928 agreement was the brainchild of U.S Sec. of State Frank B. Kellog and French Prime Minister Aristotle Braind. It Pledged its signatories, eventually including all nations, to shun was as an instrument of policy. Derided as an "international kiss" it had little effect on the actually conduct of world affairs

Front 2

Washington Conference

Back 2

-Created the Nine Power Treaty (upheld the Open Door Policy) and the Four Power Treaty (created Public Security Act)

Front 3

Adolf Hitler

Back 3

-Came to power in 1933 as the head of a National Socialist, or National movement. He capitalized on both domestic discontent and bitterness over WWI. He blamed WWI on Jews. And believed that only blue-eyed blond hair germans should rule.

Front 4

Nye Committee

Back 4

-Banned arm sales and loans to belligerent and to prevent Americans from traveling on belligerent trips

Front 5

America First Committee

Back 5

-Started by a group of FDR's opponents in midwest. Formed to protest war.

Front 6

War Production Board

Back 6

-Allowed business to claim rapid depreciation, and thus hug tax credits for new plants and awarded lucrative cost-plus contracts for urgently need goods.

Front 7

Fair Employment Practices Committee

Back 7

-Created to open up employment opportunites for African Americans. But Congress stopped funding at it expired in 1946

Front 8

"Zoot Suit" Riots

Back 8

-Riots in 1946 when sailors attacked Mexican American youths dressed in their distinctive outfits- long jackets, worn pants lightly pegged at the ankles

Front 9

D-Day

Back 9

-Was originally set up for June 5th. During the night June 6th. three divisions parachuted down behind the German defenses, at dawn British and American troops fought their way ashore at five poins along a six mile stretch of beach, encountering stiff German resistance at several points

Front 10

Manhattan Project

Back 10

-An early 1942 FDR alarmed by reposts that German scientists were working on an atomic bomb, authorized a crash program to build the bomb first. Spent $2 billion dollars and produced the weapons that devastated Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945

Front 11

Arsenal of Democracy

Back 11

FDR's view of the U. S. role in World War II as a supplier of war materials to countries fighting the Nazis and the Japanese. (USMP)

Front 12

Yalta Conference

Back 12

At this meeting of the "Big Three" Allied leaders in 1945, the Soviet Union agreed to wage war against Japan and the U. S. agreed to permit the Soviet occupation of Polish territories. (USMP)

Front 13

Postdam Conference

Back 13

A developing split between the Soviet Union and the U. S. became apparent at this July 1945 wartime meeting (USMP)

Front 14

J. Robert Oppenheimer

Back 14

He was the scientific director of the secret Manhattan Project that created the first atomic bomb (USMP)

Front 15

Island-Hoping

Back 15

The U. S. military strategy during World War II in the Pacific in order to reach within striking distance of Japan. (USMP)

Front 16

Servicemen's Adjustment Act

Back 16

Better known as the "G. I. Bill of Rights," this law aided veterans in setting themselves up in business and providing loans for home mortgages, pensions, and educational opportunities. (USMP)

Front 17

Bretton Woods Conference

Back 17

At this meeting, plans were drawn up for an International Bank for Reconstruction and Development to help stabilize the world's currencies after the war. (USMP)

Front 18

Korematsu vs. U.S

Back 18

This upheld the authority of the U. S. government to confine Japanese Americans in relocation camps as a matter of national security in wartime (USMP)

Front 19

Atlantic Charter

Back 19

FDR and Churchill issued this 1941 statement that declared that both nations would support self-determination, freedom of the seas, joint disarmament, and territorial integrity for all after World War II ended (USMP)

Front 20

Clark Memorandum

Back 20

It repudiated the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine. (USMP)

Front 21

A. Philip Randolph

Back 21

This African-American labor leader demanded equal employment opportunities for blacks during World War II (USMP)

Front 22

Executive Order #9066

Back 22

In this proclamation, FDR announced that all Japanese-Americans were to be put in detention camps for the security of the nation. (USMP)

Front 23

Los Alamos

Back 23

Where they tested the first atomic bomb on July 16, 1945.

Front 24

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Back 24

Hiroshima was bombed on August 6th, the explosion incinerated four square miles of the city, killing more than 60,000. Nagasaki was bombed on August 9th, it was bombed as revenge for Pearl Harbor.

Front 25

Chaing Kai-Shek

Back 25

the Japanese were unable to defeat them.

Front 26

Hideki Tojo

Back 26

Army militant that becam the new premier of Japan.

Front 27

Charles deGualle

Back 27

France Gerneral

Front 28

Joseph Stalin

Back 28

Leader of Russia

Front 29

A Phillip Randolph

Back 29

A black leader who threatened a massive march on Washington to force FDR to end racial discrimination.

Front 30

Henry Simpson

Back 30

Secretary of War. Truman followed his recommendation to drop the bomb on a Japanese city.

Front 31

Cordell Hull

Back 31

Secretary of Stat. signed a conditional pledge of nonintervention at the pan-American conference

Front 32

Veterans of Future Wars

Back 32

A parody on veteran's groups, to demand a bonus of 1000 dollars apiece before they marched off to a foreign war.

Front 33

Sudentenland

Back 33

a providence of Czechoslovakia. With a large German population. One of Hitler's demands.

Front 34

Nazi-Soviet Pact

Back 34

Relation between Russia and Germany. So they both benefited from the war.

Front 35

Cash and Carry/ Lend-Lease Acts

Back 35

Was the name of the prgram under which the US supplied the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, China, France, and other Allied nations with vast amounts of war material between 1941 and 1945

Front 36

Mother's Crusade

Back 36

Mothers came to Washington to conduct a "pray-in" to protest the Lend-Lease act

Front 37

Reuben James

Back 37

Was the first US Navy ship sunk by hostile action in WWI

Front 38

Tripartite Pact

Back 38

Japan signed it with Germany and Italy, it was a defensive treaty that confronted the US with a possible two-ocean war.

Front 39

Axis Powers

Back 39

During WWII, the alliance between Italy, Germany, and Japan was know as the "Tome-Berlin-Tokyo axis" and the three members were called the Axis Powers.

Front 40

Pearl Harbor

Back 40

On December 7, 1941, Japanee warplanes attacked the US naval forces at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, sinking several ships and killing more than 2,400 American soldiers. The event marked America's entrance to WWII

Front 41

Winston Churchill

Back 41

The British Prime Minister. Warned the US that England was running out of money.

Front 42

Battle of Stalingrad

Back 42

A major battle of WWII in which Nazi Germany and its allies fought the Soviet Union for control of the city of Stalingrad in southwestern Russia between July 17 1942 and Februrary 2 1943.

Front 43

North African Campaign

Back 43

Took place in North Africa from Jun 10th 1940- May 16 1943. It included campaigns fought in the Libyan and Egyptian deserts and in Morocco and Algeria and Tunisia

Front 44

Charles Nimitz

Back 44

a five-star admiral in the US Navy

Front 45

Office of Price Administration

Back 45

Established withing the office for emergency management of the US government. The functions of the OPA were originally to conntrol prices and rents after the outbreak of WWII

Front 46

Executive order 9066

Back 46

a US presidential executive order issued during WWII by US FDR authorizing the Secretary of War to prescribe certain areas as military zones. Eventually, EO 9066 cleared the way for the relocation of Japanese Americans to internment camps.

Front 47

Nisei

Back 47

A Japanese language term used in countries in North American, South America and Australia to specify the children born to Japanese people in the new country

Front 48

Atlantic Charter

Back 48

a statement agreed between Britain and the US. it was intended as the blueprint for the postwar warld after WWII.

Front 49

Big Three Conference

Back 49

the conference convened in the Livadia Palace near Yalta, the Crimea. It was the second of three wartime conferences among the Big Three (Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin)

Front 50

Battle of the Bulge

Back 50

a major German offensive, launched toward the end of WWII through the densely forested Ardennes Mountains region of Wallonia in Belgium.

Front 51

Manchuria

Back 51

a historical name given to a vast geographic region in Northeast Asia

Front 52

USS Missouri

Back 52

US Navy Iowa-class battleship and was the fourth ship of the US Navy to be named in honor of the US state of Missouri. Missouri was the last battleship built by the US and was the site of the surrender of the Empire of Japan which ended WWII.