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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Kellog-Braind Treaty
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Also called the pact of Paris, was the brainchild of US Secretary of State Frank B. Kellog and French premier Aristide Braind. It pledged its signatories, eventually including nearly all nations to shun was as an instrument of policy. Derided as an "international kiss" it had little effect on the actual conduct of world affairs.
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Washington Conference
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Created the Nine Power Treaty (uphold the Open Door Policy) and the Four Power Treaty (created Pacific Security Act.)
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Adolf Hitler
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came to power in 1933 as the head of a National Socialist, or Nazi, movement. He capitalized on both domestic disontent and bitterness over WWI. He blamed WWI on Jews. Believe only blue-eyed, blonde haired germans should rule.
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Nye Committee
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Banned arm sales and loans to belligerent and to prevent americans from traveling on belligerent trips.
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America First Committee
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Started by a group of Roosevelt's opponent in midwest fromed the protest war.
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War Production Board
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Allowed business to claim rapid depreciation, and thus huge tax credits, for new plants and awarded lucrative cost-plus contracts for urgently needed goods.
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Fair Employment Practices Committee
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created to open up employment opprtunities for African Americans. But Congress stopped funding, and it expired in 1946.
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"Zoot Suit" Riots
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riots in 1946 when white sailors attacked Mexican American youths dressed in their distinctive outfits-long jackets worn with pants tightly pegged at the ankles.
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D-Day
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D-Day was originally set up for June fifth dufing the night June sixth three divisions parachuted down behing the German defenses, at dawn British and American troos fought their way shore at five points along a six mile stretch of beach, encountering stiff German resistance at several points.
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Manhattan Project
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In early 1942 FDR, alarmed by reposts that German scientists were working on an atomic bomb, authorized a crash program to build the bomb first. The Manhattan Project spent 2 billion dollars and produced the weapons that devastated Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945.
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Los Alamos
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Where they tested the first atomic bomb on July 16, 1945.
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Hiroshima and Nagasaki
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Hiroshima was bombed on August 6th, the explosion incinerated four square miles of the city, killing more than 60,000. Nagasaki was bombed on August 9th, it was bombed as revenge for Pearl Harbor.
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Chaing Kai-Shek
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the Japanese were unable to defeat them.
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Hideki Tojo
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Army militant that becam the new premier of Japan.
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Charles deGualle
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France Gerneral
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Joseph Stalin
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Leader of Russia
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A Phillip Randolph
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A black leader who threatened a massive march on Washington to force FDR to end racial discrimination.
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Henry Simpson
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Secretary of War. Truman followed his recommendation to drop the bomb on a Japanese city.
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Cordell Hull
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Secretary of Stat. signed a conditional pledge of nonintervention at the pan-American conference.
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Veterans of Future Wars
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A parody on veteran's groups, to demand a bonus of 1000 dollars apiece before they marched off to a foreign war.
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Sudentenland
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a providence of Czechoslovakia. With a large German population. One of Hitler's demands.
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Nazi-Soviet Pact
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Relation between Russia and Germany. So they both benefited from the war.
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Cash and Carry/ Lend-Lease Acts
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Was the name of the prgram under which the US supplied the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, China, France, and other Allied nations with vast amounts of war material between 1941 and 1945.
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Mother's Crusade
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Mothers came to Washington to conduct a "pray-in" to protest the Lend-Lease act
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Reuben James
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Was the first US Navy ship sunk by hostile action in WWI
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Tripartite Pact
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Japan signed it with Germany and Italy, it was a defensive treaty that confronted the US with a possible two-ocean war.
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Axis Powers
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During WWII, the alliance between Italy, Germany, and Japan was know as the "Tome-Berlin-Tokyo axis" and the three members were called the Axis Powers.
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Pearl Harbor
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On December 7, 1941, Japanee warplanes attacked the US naval forces at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, sinking several ships and killing more than 2,400 American soldiers. The event marked America's entrance to WWII.
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Winston Churchill
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The British Prime Minister. Warned the US that England was running out of money.
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Battle of Stalingrad
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A major battle of WWII in which Nazi Germany and its allies fought the Soviet Union for control of the city of Stalingrad in southwestern Russia between July 17 1942 and Februrary 2 1943.
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North African Campaign
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Took place in North Africa from Jun 10th 1940- May 16 1943. It included campaigns fought in the Libyan and Egyptian deserts and in Morocco and Algeria and Tunisia.
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Charles Nimitz
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a five-star admiral in the US Navy
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Office of Price Administration
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Established withing the office for emergency management of the US government. The functions of the OPA were originally to conntrol prices and rents after the outbreak of WWII
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Executive order 9066
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a US presidential executive order issued during WWII by US FDR authorizing the Secretary of War to prescribe certain areas as military zones. Eventually, EO 9066 cleared the way for the relocation of Japanese Americans to internment camps.
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Nisei
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A Japanese language term used in countries in North American, South America and Australia to specify the children born to Japanese people in the new country
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Atlantic Charter
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a statement agreed between Britain and the US. it was intended as the blueprint for the postwar warld after WWII.
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Big Three Conference
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the conference convened in the Livadia Palace near Yalta, the Crimea. It was the second of three wartime conferences among the Big Three (Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin)
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Battle of the Bulge
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a major German offensive, launched toward the end of WWII through the densely forested Ardennes Mountains region of Wallonia in Belgium.
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Manchuria
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a historical name given to a vast geographic region in Northeast Asia.
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USS Missouri
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US Navy Iowa-class battleship and was the fourth ship of the US Navy to be named in honor of the US state of Missouri. Missouri was the last battleship built by the US and was the site of the surrender of the Empire of Japan which ended WWII.
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Arsenal of Democracy
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FDR's view of the U. S. role in World War II as a supplier of war materials to countries fighting the Nazis and the Japanese.
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Yalta Conference
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At this meeting of the "Big Three" Allied leaders in 1945, the Soviet Union agreed to wage war against Japan and the U. S. agreed to permit the Soviet occupation of Polish territories.
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Postdam Conference
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A developing split between the Soviet Union and the U. S. became apparent at this July 1945 wartime meeting
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J. Robert Oppenheimer
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He was the scientific director of the secret Manhattan Project that created the first atomic bomb
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Island-Hoping
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The U. S. military strategy during World War II in the Pacific in order to reach within striking distance of Japan.
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Servicemen's Adjustment Act
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Better known as the "G. I. Bill of Rights," this law aided veterans in setting themselves up in business and providing loans for home mortgages, pensions, and educational opportunities.
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Bretton Woods Conference
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At this meeting, plans were drawn up for an International Bank for Reconstruction and Development to help stabilize the world's currencies after the war.
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Korematsu vs. U.S
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This upheld the authority of the U. S. government to confine Japanese Americans in relocation camps as a matter of national security in wartime
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Atlantic Charter
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FDR and Churchill issued this 1941 statement that declared that both nations would support self-determination, freedom of the seas, joint disarmament, and territorial integrity for all after World War II ended
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Clark Memorandum
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It repudiated the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine.
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A. Philip Randolphv
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This African-American labor leader demanded equal employment opportunities for blacks during World War II
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Executive Order #9066
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In this proclamation, FDR announced that all Japanese-Americans were to be put in detention camps for the security of the nation.
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