Chapter 26 Part 2

Front 1

mesophyll

Back 1

A photosynthetic parenchyma with an abundance of air spaces.

Front 2

monocot

Back 2

Monocotyledon; a flowering plant with one cotyledon in seeds, floral parts usually in threes (or multiples of three), and often parallel-veined leaves.

Front 3

parenchyma

Back 3

Simple tissue that makes up the bulk of a plant; has roles in photosynthesis, storage, secretion, other tasks.

Front 4

periderm

Back 4

Protective cover that replaces plant epidermis during extensive secondary growth.

Front 5

phloem

Back 5

Plant vascular tissue. Live cells (sieve tubes) interconnect as conducting tubes for sugars and other solutes; companion cells help load solutes into the tubes.

Front 6

pith

Back 6

Of most dicot stems, ground tissue inside the ring of vascular bundles.

Front 7

primary root

Back 7

First root of a young seedling.

Front 8

root

Back 8

Plant part, typically belowground, that absorbs water and dissolved minerals, anchors aboveground parts, and often stores food.

Front 9

root hair

Back 9

An extension, or outgrowth, of a root epidermal cell. Root hairs increase the absorptive capacity of roots.

Front 10

sapwood

Back 10

Of older stems and roots, secondary growth in between the vascular cambium and heartwood; wet, usually pale, not as strong.

Front 11

Sclerenchyma

Back 11

Simple plant tissue that supports mature plant parts and commonly protects seeds. Most of its cells have thick, lignin-impregnated walls.

Front 12

shoot

Back 12

Aboveground parts; stems, leaves, flowers (reproductive shoots), and other structures.

Front 13

softwood

Back 13

Wood with tracheids but no vessels or fibers. Weaker, less dense than hardwood.

Front 14

stoma

Back 14

plural stomata [Gk. stoma, mouth] A gap between two guard cells in leaf or stem epidermis. Opens or closes to control CO2 movement into a plant and H2O and O2 out of it. Stomata help plants conserve water.

Front 15

taproot system

Back 15

A primary root together with all of its lateral branchings.

Front 16

vascular bundle

Back 16

Array of primary xylem and phloem in multistranded, sheathed cords that thread lengthwise in the ground tissue system.

Front 17

vascular cambium

Back 17

A lateral meristem that increases stem or root diameter.

Front 18

vascular cylinder

Back 18

Arrangement of vascular tissues as a central cylinder in roots.

Front 19

vascular tissue system

Back 19

Xylem and phloem, the conducting tissues that distribute water and solutes through a vascular plant.

Front 20

vein

Back 20

Of a cardiovascular system, any of the large-diameter vessels that lead back to the heart. Of leaves, one of the vascular bundles that thread through photosynthetic tissues.

Front 21

xylem

Back 21

[Gk. xylon, wood] Of vascular plants, a complex tissue that conducts water and solutes through pipelines of interconnected walls of cells, which are dead at maturity.