Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
General Hidecki Tojo
|
leader of japanese military
|
|
|
Emperor Hirohito
|
japanese government figurehead
|
|
|
Japanese assets in the US
|
FDR placed an embargo on gasoline, machine tools, scrap iron, and steel in japan
|
|
|
"Lend-Lease"
|
FDR sent this to China
|
|
|
Japan's 'peace' message
|
1. unfreeze all japanese assets in the US
2. supply japan with as much gas as it needs 3. stop all "lend-Lease" aid to china |
|
|
The Result of the US rejecting the peace message
|
Pearl Harbor
Victims- 19 US ships (8 battleships) 150 US planes 2400 military and civilians died 2000 wounded |
|
|
Battle of the Coral Sea
|
May 1942, British American planes caught a japanese fleet traveling south in the coral sea, they sank and damaged more than 30 japanese war ships
|
|
|
Battle of Midway (turning point)
|
June 1942, japanese attacked midway island to get to the hawaii mainland and eventually to the US, US navy destroyed there invasion by sinking 4 aircraft carriees while losing 3 themselves
|
|
|
Battle of Guadacanal
|
august 7 1942, Admiral William "Bull" Halsey intercepted the japanese fleet completly routing them and securing Guadacanal
|
|
|
ESSAY: Japanese Americans (Nisei Problem)
|
After Pearl Harbor, Americans becamefearful of japanese attack which turned against the nisei (japanese-americans) Most were taken from there homes and put in detention camps, remaining as prisoners, until the war was over. Most lost their homes and businesses. In 1945 they were released and had the right to do as they pleased, in 1948, congress passed an act to help recover there losses
|
|
|
North Africa:Operation Torch
|
General Rommel of El Alamein in Egypt, defeated by british in north africa, british began driving germand back to Libia, General Montgomery's (British) army drove westward. germans and italians finally surrendered
|
|
|
the invasion of italy
|
allies constantly bombed sicily and italy from north africa, italians replaced mussolini with marshall pietro badoglio, naples fell to US general mark clark, who liberated Rome for the Allies, as a result the Allies controlled italy from rome to the southern part of italy
|
|
|
the siege of stalingrad
|
most crucial turning point in the winter of 1943 was the russian front, General Zhukov saved the city and forced the germans to surrender and retreat from russia
|
|
|
D-Day: Operation Overload
|
designed to open a major second front in 1944, general eisenhower began the largest sea invasion in world history on june 6, allies attacked at 5 beachs (utah, omaha, gold, juno, and sword)toughest beach was omaha, result:Allies liberated Paris
|
|
|
Election of 1944
|
Republicans nominee- Thomas Dewey (gov of NY)
Democrats- FDR, won election because they did not want to change presidents in the middle of war |
|
|
Battle of the Buldge
|
fought desperatly at Bastogne in Belgium, final major counterattack by the Nazis
|
|
|
Invasion of Germany
|
Churchill wanted Allies to beat the Soviets to Berlin, US advanced as far as Elbe river, stopped, let the soviets go into berlin
|
|
|
FDR's Death
|
died on april 12th, 1945 of brain hemmorage, harry truman replaced him to lead during the remainder of the war
|
|
|
leyte gulf
|
largest naval battle of WWII
|
|
|
Manila
|
capitol of the Phillapines, captured by the US
|
|
|
Okinawa
|
300 miles from japan, where the japanese released their kamikaze attacks
|
|
|
Potsdam Conference
|
1-plans for the control and occupation of germany
2-final ultimatum for japan:surrender or else |
|
|
Enola Gay
|
flew over Hiroshima and dropped the first atomic bomb, second dropped on Nagasaki
|
|
|
Yalta Conference
|
FDR, Churchhill, Stalin, meet to discuss post war problems like free elections, the division of germany, and the United Nations
|
|
|
Potsdam Conference
|
Truman, Churchill, attlee, and stalin, issued altimatum in japan, surrender or else
|
|
|
General Dwight D Eisenhower
|
supreme allied commander in the atlantic theater
|
|
|
General Omar Bradley
|
general of d-day
|
|
|
General George Patton
|
old blood and guts
|
|
|
General Mark Clark
|
liberated rome
|
|
|
General Douglas MacArthur
|
leader of the southern approach in the pacific
|
|
|
Admiral Chester Nimitz
|
leader of ther central approach
|
|
|
British: General Bernard Montgomery
|
leader in north africa, italy, d-day, and germany
|
|
|
German: General Erwin Rommel
|
"desert fox", defeated by allies in north africa
|
|
|
Japan
|
Russia agreed to enter the war against Japan after Germans surrendered
|
|
|
Germany
|
the allies divided germany into 4 zones of occupation
|
|
|
Eastern Europe
|
Stalin promised free elections in Poland only
|
|
|
four secret agreements
|
1. russia was given the Kurile Islands
2. russia given occupation zone in korea 3. russia was given rights in manchuria 4. russia had recognition of the mongolian peoples public would be under russian rule |
|
|
Truman's biggest Decision
|
Robert Oppenheimer led the scientists in developing the A-bomb in the "Manhattan Project" to be dropped over Hiroshima
1. Truman wanted to end the war 2. To show russia the US power |
|
|
Reasons for choosing Hiroshima
|
1. largest army base in western Japan
2. economic center 3. seventh largest city in Japan |
|
|
Battle of Britain
|
constant air battle, churchill replaced chamberlain as prime minister, hitler unleashes his Luftwaffe against England, hitler bombed england day and night from august to november, germans stopped the all out bombing
|
|
|
Nuetrality Act
|
cash and carry act, permitted warring nations to purchase war materials on condition that they pay in cash and carry their own goods
|
|
|
Smith Act
|
controlled aliens coming into the US and made it illegal for anyone to say anything about overthrowing the government
|
|
|
Burke-Wadsworth Act
|
set up the first peacetime draft , required men from ages 21-35 to register
|
|
|
Lend-Lease Act
|
the US would lend or lease war material to any nation who could not afford cash and carry to get the equipment to fight Hitler
|
|
|
G.I.
|
Government Issue
|
|
|
Tuskegee Airmen
|
first african american air force unit trained in alabama
|
|
|
James Doolittle
|
put in charge to command the raid in japan
|
|
|
Admiral Yamamoto
|
commander of japanese fleet who wanted to attack midway island
|
|
|
DUKW
|
amphibious truck that could deliver supplies to troops on beaches
|
