Chapter 25

Front 1

Music and art after World War I

Back 1

broke with tradition

Front 2

The literature of the postwar era depicted

Back 2

Dissatisfaction with society

Front 3

The Great Depression began in

Back 3

United States

Front 4

The New Deal was a

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Government attempt to end the Depression

Front 5

Why did Hitler blame the Jewish population for all of Germany's troubles?

Back 5

Hatred of Jews, or anti-Semitism, was a key part of Nazi ideology

Front 6

Which of the following does fascism stress?

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nationalism

Front 7

Nazism was the German form of

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fascism

Front 8

The governments of Stalin, Mussolini, and Hitler were

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dictatorships

Front 9

In his book Mein Kampf Adolf Hitler expressed the spirit of

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Nazi movement

Front 10

In 1922 Benito Mussolini and his Fascist Party gained control of the government of

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Germany

Front 11

What was the name of Hitler's secret police?

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Gestapo

Front 12

What was the name of Stalin's secret police?

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KBG

Front 13

Under Stalin all of the following events took place EXCEPT

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The New Economic Policy was introduced

Front 14

Hitler's program found appeal among all of the following groups EXCEPT

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communists

Front 15

In a command economy

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Government planners make all economic decisions

Front 16

Communism is different from fascism in all of the following categories EXCEPT its

Back 16

Authority over the people

Front 17

appealed to Europeans as a cure for the uncertainty of the postwar years; a form of government in which all societal resources are monopolized by the state in an effort to penetrate and control all aspects of public and private life, through the state's use of propaganda, terror, and technology.

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totalitarian regime

Front 18

experienced by the United States in the postwar years; there is a high level of aggregate demand, inflation increases, unemployment falls, and growth in national income accelerates.

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economic boom

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Marked by several inventions and discoveries of far reaching consequences; emergence of unprecedented industrial boom and accelerated consumer demand and aspirations, coupled with significant changes in the lifestyle; and a series of events, national as well as the international, which shaped a large part of the history of the 20th century.

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Roaring Twenties

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Period during which the manufacture, transportation, import, export, and sale of alcoholic beverages were restricted or illegal

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Prohibition

Front 21

Term used to describe policies which are guided by the idea of protecting domestic consumption, labor and capital formation, even if this requires the imposition of tariffs and other restrictions on the movement of labour, goods and capital.

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Economic nationalism

Front 22

risky investments in the stock market in the hope of quick, high profits

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market speculations

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buying stock with money borrowed

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on margin

Front 24

massive global economic recession that ran from 1929 to approximately 1939

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Great Depression

Front 25

a line of concrete fortifications, tank obstacles, machine gun posts and other defenses which France constructed along its borders with Germany and with Italy in the wake of World War I

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Maginot Line

Front 26

The principal treaty was between Germany, France, Belgium, Britain, and Italy, under which the first three signatories undertook not to attack each other, with the latter two acting as guarantors. In the event of aggression by any of the first three states against another, all other parties to the treaty were to assist the country under attack.

Back 26

Locarno Pact

Front 27

a strike action by an entire labour force in a city, region or country

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general strike

Front 28

an alliance of left-wing political parties (the Communists, the Socialists and the Radicals), which was in government in France from 1936 to 1938; enacted the law mandating 12 days (2 weeks) each year of paid vacations for workers; enacted the law limiting to 40 hours the workweek (outside of overtime)

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Popular Front

Front 29

the act of taking assets into state (government) ownership

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nationalized

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a militarily unsuccessful rebellion staged in Ireland against British rule on Easter Monday in April 1916.

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Easter Rising

Front 31

authoritarian political movement which ruled Italy from 1922 to 1943 under the leadership of Benito Mussolini; generally attracted political support from big business, landowners, and patriotic, traditionalist, conservative, far-right, populist and reactionary individuals and groups

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Fascism

Front 32

Used by Mussolini to reshape the economy; a nation in where the major economic activities, such as agriculture, transportation, manufacturing, and commerce, are organized into syndicates that resemble corporations

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corporate state

Front 33

(German for "My Struggle") is a book written by Adolf Hitler, combining elements of autobiography with an exposition of Hitler's political ideology of Nazism - National Socialist German Workers Party

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Mein Kampf

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refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the control of the National Socialist German Workers Party, or Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as head of state

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Third Reich

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the treaty of friendship signed between Mussolini (Italy) and (Hitler) Germany on October 25 1936. The two countries would form an "axis" around which the other states of Europe could revolve. Later, in May 1939, this relationship transformed into an alliance, dubbed the "Pact of Steel".

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Rome-Berlin Axis

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started by Lenin and revised by Stalin; agriculture where peasants are not paid wages, but rather receive a share of the farm's net output.

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collective farm system

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economic system in which government planners make all economic decisions

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command economy

Front 38

the executive organization of the Communist Party; the party is seen as the "vanguard of the people" and therefore usually has the power to control the state, and the non-state party officials in the politburo generally hold extreme power.

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Politburo

Front 39

international Communist organization founded in March 1919 by Lenin, Trotsky and the Russian Communist Party (bolshevik), which intended to fight "by all available means, including armed force, for the overthrow of the international bourgeoisie and for the creation of an international Soviet republic as a transition stage to the complete abolition of the State."

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Comintern

Front 40

to remove people considered by the group in power to be "undesirable" from a government, political party, a profession, or from community or society as a whole, often by violent means

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purge

Front 41

used by workers who wanted their demands met

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general strike