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80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Kate Chopin
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The Awakening- adultery, suicide, women's ambitions
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Mark Twain
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Huckleberry Finn, Roughing it, Tom Sawyer
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Bret Harte
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California gold rush stories
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William Dean Howells
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Editor in chief of Atlantic Monthly, wrote about ordinary people and sometimes controversial social themes
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Stephen Crane
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Maggie: Girl of the Street, seamy underside of lie in urban, industrial America
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Henry James
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Daisy Miller and Portrait of a Lady, making women his central characters
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Jack London
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wild unexplored wilderness, Call of the Wild, White Fang
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Frank Norris
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The Octopus, exposed the corruption of the railroads
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Paul Laurence Dunbar and Charles W. Chesnutt
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two writers that used Black dialect and folklore in their poems and stories
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Mary Cassatt
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Painted sensitive portraits of women and children
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George Inness
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America's leading landscapist
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Thomas Eakins
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Great realist painter
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Winslow Homer
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Famous and great, painted scenes of typical New England life
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Augustus Saint-Gaudens
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Great sculptor who made the Robert Gould Shaw memorial in 1897
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Music's growth
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Erection of opera houses and the emergence of jazz
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Thomas Edison
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Invented the phonograph
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Henry H. Richardson
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Fine architect whose architecture was famed around the country
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Phineas T. Barnum and James A. Bailey
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1881- made the "Greatest Show on Earth"
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"Buffalo Bill" Cody and Annie Oakley
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stars of ever-popular Wild West shows
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James Naismith
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1891- invented basketball
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Walter Rauschenbusch and Washington Gladden
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preached the "Social Gospel"
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Jane Addams
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Founded Hull House in 1889
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Louis Sullivan
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worked on and perfected skyscrapers (first appearing in Chicago in 1885)
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Macy's and Marshall Fields
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Department stores that provided urban working-class jobs and attracted middle-class shoppers
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New Immigration
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Baltic and Slavic people of Southeastern Europe in the 1880s and 1890s
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Social Gospel
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Insisting that churches tackle the burning social issues of the day
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Significance of settlement houses
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centers for women's activism and reform
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Florence Kelly
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fought for protection of women workers and against child labor
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American Protective Association
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anti-foreign organization to go against new immigrants
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Reasons people hated immigrants
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ruin race and produce inferior offspring, degradation of the urban government, willingness to work for super low wages, bringing in doctrines like socialism and communism
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Chinese Exclusion Act
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1882 law that barred Chinese from coming
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Literacy tests for immigrants
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proposed, but resisted until they were finally passed in 1917
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First restrictive law against immigration
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1882- banned paupers, criminals, and convicts from coming to US
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Charles Darwin
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published On the Origin of Species in 1859- set forth doctrine of evolution and attracted the ire and fury of fundamentalists
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W.E.B. DuBois
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first black to get Ph.D from Harvard, wanted complete equality for blacks and immediate action
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NAACP
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Founded in 1910 by W.E.B. DuBois
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George Washington Carver
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student of Washington who discovered new uses for peanuts, sweet potatoes, and soybeans
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Booker T. Washington
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believed in blacks helping themselves first before gaining more rights; heading industrial school in Alabama
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Schools by 1900
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6,000 high schools in America, kindergartens multiplied, creation of more public schools, provision of free textbooks funded by taxpayers
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Colonel Robert G. Ingersoll
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denounced creationism, had been widely persuaded by theory of evolution
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Higher education
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colleges for women and both genders grew, public grants for support of education (Morrill and Hatch) private donations (Rockefeller)
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William James
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helped establish discipline of behavioral psychology
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Pasteur and Lister
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discoveries that improved medical science and health
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Pulitzer and Hearst
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Two new journalistic tycoons (New York World and San Fran Examiner, respectively)
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Magazines
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Harper's, Atlantic Monthly, Scribner's Monthly, most influential- New York Nation
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Edwin L. Godkin
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merciless critic for New York World (1865)
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Henry George
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wrote Progress and Poverty, undertook to solve association of poverty with progress. Came up with graduated income tax
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Horatio Alger
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wrote rags-to-riches books (Ragged Dick)
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Harland F. Hasley
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king of dime novelists
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General Lewis Wallace
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wrote Ben-Hur, which combated Darwinism and reaffirmed traditional Christian faith
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Walt Whitman
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old writer that remained active, published revisions of Leaves of Grass
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Emily Dickinson
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famed hermit poet, poems published after death
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Sidney Lanier
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poet oppressed by poverty and ill health
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Charlotte Perkins Gilman
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1898- published Women and Economics, called for women to abandon dependent status and contribute to larger life of the community
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National American Woman Suffrage Association
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1890- led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony
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New generation of feminists
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Led by Carrie Chapman Catt- 1900. stressed giving women right to vote if they were to continue to discharge traditional duties as homemakers
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Wyoming territory
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1869- first to offer women unrestricted suffrage
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Ida B. Wells
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rallied toward better treatment for blacks and founded National Association of Colored Women- 1896
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National Prohibition Party, Women's Christian Temperance Union
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1869- reflected concern over popularity and dangers of alcohol
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American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
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formed in 1866 to discourage the treatment of livestock
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American Red Cross
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founded by Clara Barton in 1881
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New features of cities
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population increasing, cities grow up and out with skyscrapers, electric trolleys, electricity, indoor plumbing, telephones, department stores
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Bad features of cities
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trash, criminals, impure water, unwashed bodies, droppings, slums, tenements
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reasons for coming to America
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no room in Europe, not much employment since industrialization had eliminated many jobs, America often and praised and exaggerated with advertising
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birds of passage
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immigrants that came to America stayed and worked, sent over money, and went back to old country
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settlement houses
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Hull House, Lillian Wald's Henry Street Settlement
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1885 law about immigration
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banned importation of foreign workers under usually substandard contracts
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Dwight Lyman Moody
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proclaimed gospel of kindness and forgiveness and adapted the old-time religion to the facts of city life
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Cardinal Gibbons
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popular with Roman Catholics and Protestants, as he preached American Unity
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Religion by 1890
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Americans could choose from 150 religions
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Salvation Army
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tried to help the poor and unfortunate
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Church of Christ, Scientist
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founded by Mary Baker Eddy, preached a perversion of Christianity that she claimed healed sickness
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Result of churches' failure to tally against urban poverty
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many people questioned ambition of churches and began to worry that Satan was winning, emphasis on material gains worried many
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Modernists
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refused to believe that the Bible was completely accurate and factual. Contended that the Bible was merely a collection of moral stories or guidelines, but not sacred scripture inspired by God.
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Chautauqua movement
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launched in 1874 to help adults who couldn't go to school. Included public lectures to many people by famous writers and extensive at-home studies
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Pragmatism
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preached that everything has a useful purpose
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Yellow journalism
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in which newspapers reported on wild and fantastic stories that often were false or quite exaggerated- sparked in 1880s
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Linotape
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its invention in 1885 allowed that press to more than keep pace with demand
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Libraries
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opened across America, bringing literature into people's homes
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Associated Press
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strengthened in time period, helped to offset some of the questionable journalism
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