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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The central issue in population genetics |
Genetics |
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A gene pool is |
all the genes in a population |
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The gene pool of the next generation is derived from |
those individuals of a population that reproduce and have viable offspring |
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The term polymorphism refers to the phenomenon that a trait displays variationa population. Which of the following is an example of polymorphic trait inpopulation |
both the A,B,O blood types in humans and the pink and white flowers |
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To analyze genetic variation in population, one approach is to consier thefrequency of alleles. When calculating an allele frequency for a diploid species,how many copies of an allele are there |
Two. A and a. |
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In the hardy-weinberg equation, the letters p and q represent |
frequencies of alleles in a population |
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In the hardy weinberg equation, p + q= |
1 |
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The hardy weinberg equation states that p2+2pq+q2=1; the genotypefrequency of heterozygous represented by |
2pq |
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Over generations in a population, individuals with higher fitness values will |
become more prevalent |
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Directional selection would be expected to occur if |
a new allele arises by mutation that increases fitness and the environment changes. |
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Conditions for Hardy-Weinberg to work: |
no new mutations, no natural selection, no migration, and mating is random. |
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What is horizontal gene transfer? |
Genes from one species introduced into another |
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What is Directional Selection? |
Favors individuals at one extreme of phenotypic distrobution with greater success |
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What is stabilizing selection? |
Favors the survival of individuals with intermediate phenotype. |
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What is diversifying selection? |
Favors the survival of 2 or more phenotype that produce different phenotype |
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What are the 2 types of balancing selection? |
Hetrezoygote Advantage where heterozyogote is favored. Netagive frequency dependent selection where rare individuals have higher fitness. |
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Genetic drift is a change in the allele frequency of a population due to what? |
Chance alone. |
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What is the bottleneck effect? |
Brought about by climatic or geological events |