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77 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Freedmens bureau? |
Agency whose goals was to help the newly freed men by providing education , food housing and medical aid |
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A month after the freedmens bureau established what happened? |
Lincoln was assassinate by John Wilkes booth |
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What did Lincoln’s death do to country?? |
Destroyed any hope for an orderly reconstruction |
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Who was Lincoln’s Vice President? What did he support? |
Andrew Johnson- he did not believe in racial equality and his interpretation of reconstruction was lenient towards the south |
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What did Johnson allow the states to do? What did each state add to their new govt? |
Every southern state except Texas created new governments and Johnson approved them. Many of the laws were black codes- discriminatory laws that denied the civil rights of blacks |
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What did Johnson allow the states to do? What did each state add to their new govt? |
Every southern state except Texas created new governments and Johnson approved them. Many of the laws were black codes- discriminatory laws that denied the civil rights of blacks |
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Some members of ? Decided that congress should intervene |
Radical republicans |
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What did congress do? What did they pass? |
Gave the freedmens bureau more powers and passed the civil rights act- which confirmed that blacks were citizens and overturned Dred Scott decision |
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What did congress do? What did they pass? |
Gave the freedmens bureau more powers and passed the civil rights act- which confirmed that blacks were citizens and overturned Dred Scott decision |
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What amendment was passed that ensured any person born or naturalized in the US was a citizen with full rights such as due process? |
14th amendment |
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What was required of the states to renter the union? |
Accept amendments |
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What happened when the states were required to accept the amendments? |
Riots in south, influx of black voters, and an unsuccessful attempt by Johnson to oppose it |
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Who took over reconstruction efforts? What acts did they pass and what were they? |
Congress Reconstruction acts- divided the south into five military districts until the southern states were readmitted to the union |
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What did congress pass next bc they knew Johnson opposed radical reconstruction? |
Tenure of office act- limited executive power by requiring the president to secure congressional approval before he could remove members of his cabinet |
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How did Johnson respond? |
When congress wasn’t in session he fired his secretary of war |
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How did Congress respond? |
Votes to impeach Johnson for doing it without their approval Tried in senate but he was acquitted by one vote |
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Who won the next election of 1868? |
Grant - |
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Who won the next election of 1868? |
Grant - |
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Congress passed the 15 th amendment- what did it say? |
Illegal to deny citizens the right to vote based on race |
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Who became the first AA in senate? And what state? |
Hiram revels- Mississippi |
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Who became the first AA in senate? And what state? |
Hiram revels- Mississippi |
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What were the force acts?? |
Passed by grant and signed by congress these acts allowed the military to enforce the 14th amendment which helped destroy the kkk |
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What was the panic of 1873? |
A financial firm called jay Cooke and co went bankrupt and set off panic. A major economic depression followed |
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What was the compromise of 1877? |
Dispute over who won presidency- congress appointed a commission that agreed that Hayes would become president but in return federal troops would leave the south and provide southerners with aid for public projects |
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What was the compromise of 1877? |
Dispute over who won presidency- congress appointed a commission that agreed that Hayes would become president but in return federal troops would leave the south and provide southerners with aid for public projects |
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What did the compromise of 1877 do? |
End reconstruction |
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Who were the redeemers? What did they want? |
Southern democrats who retook control of their state governments They aimed to decrease taxes, decrease the size of the government and decrease racial equality |
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What did southern states do despite the fact that the 15th amendment guaranteed citizens the right to vote? |
Poll taxes and literacy tests which made it very difficult for former slaves to participate in government but they did not have as much of an effect on whites bc most were grandfathered in |
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What else did southern states pass that kept blacks and whites separated? |
Jim Crow laws |
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What else did southern states pass that kept blacks and whites separated? |
Jim Crow laws |
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What was plessy v Ferguson? And what did court rule? |
Plessy rode in a whites only segregated railroad car - he was arrested- he sued railway Supreme Court ruled that segregation was legal so long as facilities for blacks were “separate but equal” to those for whites |
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What were carpetbaggers and scalywags? |
Carpetbaggers- northerners who came to work in the south (named after the luggage made of carpet that they used) carpetbaggers were accused of trying to make a profit from reconstruction Scalywags- southerners who supported government ; seen as traitors to the south |
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In the early 1600s what was the mail system used? And what made it obsolete? |
Pony express (used horses) Telegraph |
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The telegraph couldn’t carry packages so what was needed and what act was passed?? |
Railroad- the pacific railways act was passed which funded the central pacific and Union Pacific railways to build a transcontinental railway |
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The central pacific started and ended where? Where did they meet in the middle? (Gold spike) |
Sacramento to Omaha Nebraska Promontory Utah |
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The central pacific started and ended where? Where did they meet in the middle? (Gold spike) |
Sacramento to Omaha Nebraska Promontory Utah |
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What did the railroad industry create to make travel more uniform? |
Four standard American time zones |
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The central pacific started and ended where? Where did they meet in the middle? (Gold spike) |
Sacramento to Omaha Nebraska Promontory Utah |
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What did the railroad industry create to make travel more uniform? |
Four standard American time zones |
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One of the most famous peace officers of the frontier was? |
Wyatt Earp |
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The central pacific started and ended where? Where did they meet in the middle? (Gold spike) |
Sacramento to Omaha Nebraska Promontory Utah |
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What did the railroad industry create to make travel more uniform? |
Four standard American time zones |
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One of the most famous peace officers of the frontier was? |
Wyatt Earp |
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What was the homestead act? What did it give? |
Opened up the land in Great Plains for any homesteaders who wanted to farm it including AA and women It gave 160 acres of land to get started |
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What did the national grange do? Who formed it? |
Provided social services and set up cost cutting cooperatives for farmers Oliver Hudson Kelley |
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What did the national grange do? Who formed it? |
Provided social services and set up cost cutting cooperatives for farmers Oliver Hudson Kelley |
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What was the free silver movement? |
Advocated adding silver into circulation to produce more money which would lead to inflation |
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What was the name of the act that regulated the railroad industry? |
Interstate commerce act |
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What was the populist party? Who ran for them? |
Party that was formed that focused on the “average person” James weaver |
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Remember the panics- which one happened in 1837? 1873? 1893? |
1837- took place during Jackson and van buren 1873- grant presidency 1893- cleveland presidency |
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Remember the panics- which one happened in 1837? 1873? 1893? |
1837- took place during Jackson and van buren 1873- grant presidency 1893- cleveland presidency |
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The government couldn’t keep up with land demands so now govt allows people to settle on NA land. The US built forts on Sioux land. Who NA led ambush on American soldiers and what result? |
Chief crazy horse and the Us agreed to abandon its forts and create a reservation for Sioux overseen by the bureau of Indian affairs |
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Remember the panics- which one happened in 1837? 1873? 1893? |
1837- took place during Jackson and van buren 1873- grant presidency 1893- cleveland presidency |
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The government couldn’t keep up with land demands so now govt allows people to settle on NA land. The US built forts on Sioux land. Who NA led ambush on American soldiers and what result? |
Chief crazy horse and the Us agreed to abandon its forts and create a reservation for Sioux overseen by the bureau of Indian affairs |
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In 1874- soldiers led by Lt Custer found gold in Sioux reservation which now tempted the US to abandon what treaty and buy the land. |
Treaty of fort Laramie |
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Who was the chief that refused to sell and who encouraged the people to fight instead |
Chief sitting bull and chief crazy horse |
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Who was the chief that refused to sell and who encouraged the people to fight instead |
Chief sitting bull and chief crazy horse |
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What was the name of the battle and who won? |
Battle of Little Bighorn aka “Custers last stand” bc his entire unit was killed Major Sioux victory but US government stepped up its military and the next year crazy horse surrendered |
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What act did congress pass which made native Americans assimilate into the US culture? |
Dawes allotment act- split Native American land into allotments private parts of land to be used for farming but this destroyed the Native American culture of communal property |
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What did the govt do to NA children? |
Sent them to schools like Carlisle school to make them more “American” re hair clothes and language |
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What was the last major clash between NA and us government ? And what was it over? |
Wounded knee massacre Ghost dance- a peaceful religious gathering that the govt took as a threat and tried to suppress |
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What were the business tycoons that rose to prominence in railroad industry called? |
Railroad barons - |
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What were the business tycoons that rose to prominence in railroad industry called? |
Railroad barons - |
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What new inventions came about in second industrial revolution? |
Sewing machines - singer Typewriter Telephone- Alexander graham bell Light bulb- Edison |
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What were the business tycoons that rose to prominence in railroad industry called? |
Railroad barons - |
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What new inventions came about in second industrial revolution? |
Sewing machines - singer Typewriter Telephone- Alexander graham bell Light bulb- Edison |
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With new inventions came demand for fuel. Who discovered crude oil? |
Edwin Drake |
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Who founded an oil refinery and created a monopoly by driving his competitors out of business? |
Rockefeller- |
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What are horizontal and vertical integration? And who had each |
Horizontal- take over competition to form monopoly. Rockefeller
Vertical- own and control all aspects/manufacturinh of a certain industry. Carnegie |
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Who founded the steel monopoly ? |
Carnegie |
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What was period of time called between 1869-1896? |
Gilded age bc there was so much inequality during that time |
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People like Rockefeller were called ? Which means ? |
Robber Baron- meaning they lived like nobility but they were unethical men that used trickery to become wealthy |
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What act was passed that made monopolies and trusts illegal? |
Sherman antitrust act- competition is necessary in free markets |
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Regardless of how they earned their money Carnegie and Rockefeller were both? |
Philanthropists- have to charity founded Carnegie hall and Rockefeller institute |
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First national union? |
Knights of labor |
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What tactic did the knights of labor use? |
Collective bargaining |
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What was founded as a coalition of many smaller unions which became a much more influential organization? |
American federation of labor (AFL) |
